Page 1 User’s Manual 78K0S/KB1+ 8-bit Single-Chip Microcontrollers μ μ PD78F9232 PD78F9234 μ μ PD78F9232(A) PD78F9234(A) μ μ PD78F9232(A2) PD78F9234(A2) Document No. U17446EJ3V1UD00 (3rd edition) Date Published January 2007 N CP(K) 2005 Printed in Japan...
Page 2 [MEMO] User’s Manual U17446EJ3V1UD...
Page 3 NOTES FOR CMOS DEVICES VOLTAGE APPLICATION WAVEFORM AT INPUT PIN Waveform distortion due to input noise or a reflected wave may cause malfunction. If the input of the CMOS device stays in the area between V (MAX) and V (MIN) due to noise, etc., the device may malfunction.
Page 4 NEC Electronics does not assume any liability for infringement of patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of third parties by or arising from the use of NEC Electronics products listed in this document or any other liability arising from the use of such products. No license, express, implied or otherwise, is granted under any patents, copyrights or other intellectual property rights of NEC Electronics or others.
Page 5: User's Manual U17446Ej3V1Ud
INTRODUCTION Target Readers This manual is intended for user engineers who wish to understand the functions of the 78K0S/KB1+ in order to design and develop its application systems and programs. The target devices are the following subseries products. • 78K0S/KB1+: μ...
Page 6 Conventions Data significance: Higher digits on the left and lower digits on the right Active low representation: ××× (overscore over pin or signal name) Note: Footnote for item marked with Note in the text Caution: Information requiring particular attention Remark: Supplementary information Numerical representation: Binary ...
Page 7 Document No. SEMICONDUCTOR SELECTION GUIDE - Products and Packages - X13769X Semiconductor Device Mount Manual Note Quality Grades on NEC Semiconductor Devices C11531E NEC Semiconductor Device Reliability/Quality Control System C10983E Guide to Prevent Damage for Semiconductor Devices by Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) C11892E Note See the “Semiconductor Device Mount Manual”...
Page 8: Table Of Contents
CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW.........................14 Features ............................14 Ordering Information .........................15 Pin Configuration (Top View)....................16 78K0S/Kx1+ Product Lineup .....................17 Block Diagram ..........................18 Functional Outline........................19 CHAPTER 2 PIN FUNCTIONS .......................20 Pin Function List ........................20 Pin Functions..........................22 2.2.1 P00 to P03 (Port 0)........................22 2.2.2 P20 to P23 (Port 2)........................22 2.2.3 P30 to P34 (Port 3)........................22...
Page 9 3.4.5 Register indirect addressing ......................46 3.4.6 Based addressing........................47 3.4.7 Stack addressing......................... 48 CHAPTER 4 PORT FUNCTIONS......................49 Functions of Ports ........................49 Port Configuration ........................51 4.2.1 Port 0............................52 4.2.2 Port 2............................53 4.2.3 Port 3............................54 4.2.4 Port 4............................
Page 10 Configuration of 8-bit Timer 80....................127 Register Controlling 8-bit Timer 80 ..................129 Operation of 8-bit Timer 80 .....................130 7.4.1 Operation as interval timer......................130 Notes on 8-bit Timer 80 ......................132 CHAPTER 8 8-BIT TIMER H1 ......................133 Functions of 8-bit Timer H1.....................133 Configuration of 8-bit Timer H1 ....................133 Registers Controlling 8-bit Timer H1 ..................136 Operation of 8-bit Timer H1.....................139 8.4.1...
Page 11 CHAPTER 12 MULTIPLIER ........................217 12.1 Multiplier Function........................217 12.2 Multiplier Configuration ......................217 12.3 Multiplier Control Register......................219 12.4 Multiplier Operation .........................220 CHAPTER 13 INTERRUPT FUNCTIONS ....................222 13.1 Interrupt Function Types......................222 13.2 Interrupt Sources and Configuration..................223 13.3 Interrupt Function Control Registers..................225 13.4 Interrupt Servicing Operation....................230 13.4.1 Maskable interrupt request acknowledgment operation ............
Page 12 19.3 Functional Outline........................271 19.4 Writing with Flash Memory Programmer................272 19.5 Programming Environment.....................273 19.6 Pin Connection on Board ......................275 19.6.1 X1 and X2 pins ..........................275 19.6.2 RESET pin..........................276 19.6.3 Port pins ............................277 19.6.4 Power supply ..........................277 19.7 On-Board and Off-Board Flash Memory Programming ............278 19.7.1 Flash memory programming mode....................278 19.7.2...
Page 13 Flash Memory Writing Tools....................372 Debugging Tools (Hardware)....................372 A.5.1 When using in-circuit emulator QB-78K0SKX1 (under development)........372 A.5.2 When using in-circuit emulator QB-MINI2 ................. 373 A.5.3 When using in-circuit emulator IE-78K0S-NS or IE-78K0S-NS-A..........373 A.5.4 When using in-circuit emulator QB-78K0SKX1MINI..............373 Debugging Tools (Software)....................374 APPENDIX B NOTES ON TARGET SYSTEM DESIGN..............375 APPENDIX C REGISTER INDEX......................377...
Page 14: Chapter 1 Overview
CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW 1.1 Features μ μ O Minimum instruction execution time selectable from high speed (0.2 s) to low speed (3.2 s) (with CPU clock of 10 MHz) O General-purpose registers: 8 bits × 8 registers O ROM and RAM capacities Item Program Memory (Flash Memory) Memory (Internal High-Speed RAM)
Page 15: Ordering Information
CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW 1.2 Ordering Information <R> Part Number PD78F9 μ ××× ×× (×) ××× Semiconductor component Blank Conventional Lead-free Quality grades Blank Standard Special (A2) Package type MC-5A4 Plastic SSOP Number of pins High-speed RAM Flash memory 30 pins 256 bytes 4 K bytes 30 pins...
Page 16: Pin Configuration (Top View)
CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW 1.3 Pin Configuration (Top View) 30-pin plastic SSOP P120 P20/ANI0 P123 P21/ANI1 P22/ANI2 P23/ANI3 P121/X1 P130 P122/X2 P34/RESET P44/RxD6 P31/TI010/TO00/INTP2 P43/TxD6/INTP1 P30/TI000/INTP0 P42/TOH1 P41/INTP3 Caution Connect the AV pin to V ANI0 to ANI3: Analog input P130: Port 13 Analog reference voltage RESET:...
Page 17: 78K0S/Kx1+ Product Lineup
CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW 1.4 78K0S/Kx1+ Product Lineup The following table shows the product lineup of the 78K0S/Kx1+. Part Number 78K0S/KU1+ 78K0S/KY1+ 78K0S/KA1+ 78K0S/KB1+ <R> Item Number of pins 10 pins 16 pins 20 pins 30 pins Internal Flash memory 1 KB, 2 KB, 4 KB 2 KB 4 KB 4 KB, 8 KB...
Page 18: Block Diagram
CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW 1.5 Block Diagram TO00/TI010/P31 Port 0 P00 to P03 16-bit timer/ event counter 00 TI000/P30 Port 2 P20 to P23 8-bit timer 80 P30 to P33 Port 3 TOH1/P42 8-bit timer H1 78K0S Flash Port 4 P40 to P47 Low-speed memory internal oscillator...
Page 19: Functional Outline
CHAPTER 1 OVERVIEW 1.6 Functional Outline μ μ Item PD78F9232 PD78F9234 Internal Flash memory 4 KB 8 KB memory High-speed RAM 256 bytes Memory space 64 KB X1 input clock (oscillation frequency) Crystal/ceramic/external clock input: 10 MHz (V = 2.0 to 5.5 V) Internal High speed (oscillation Internal oscillation: 8 MHz (TYP.)
Page 20: Chapter 2 Pin Functions
CHAPTER 2 PIN FUNCTIONS 2.1 Pin Function List (1) Port pins Pin Name Function After Reset Alternate- Function Pin − P00 to P03 Port 0. Input 4-bit I/O port. Can be set to input or output mode in 1-bit units. An on-chip pull-up resistor can be connected by setting software.
Page 21 CHAPTER 2 PIN FUNCTIONS (2) Non-port pins Pin Name Function After Reset Alternate- Function Pin INTP0 Input External interrupt input for which the valid edge (rising edge, Input P30/TI000 falling edge, or both rising and falling edges) can be specified INTP1 P43/TxD6 INTP2...
Page 22: Pin Functions
CHAPTER 2 PIN FUNCTIONS 2.2 Pin Functions 2.2.1 P00 to P03 (Port 0) P00 to P03 function as a 4-bit I/O port. P00 to P03 can be set to input or output in 1-bit units using port mode register 0 (PM0). Use of an on-chip pull-up resistor can be specified by pull-up resistor option register 0 (PU0). 2.2.2 P20 to P23 (Port 2) P20 to P23 constitute a 4-bit I/O port, port 2.
Page 23: P40 To P47 (Port 4)
CHAPTER 2 PIN FUNCTIONS (d) TO00 This pin outputs a signal from 16-bit timer/event counter 00. 2.2.4 P40 to P47 (Port 4) P40 to P47 constitute an 8-bit I/O port, port 4. In addition to I/O port pins, P41 to P44 also have functions to output a timer signal, input external interrupt request signals, and input/output the data of the serial interface.
Page 24: X1 And X2
CHAPTER 2 PIN FUNCTIONS 2.2.8 X1 and X2 These pins connect an oscillator to oscillate the X1 input clock. X1 and X2 also function as the P121 and P122 pins, respectively. For settings of alternate function, refer to CHAPTER 18 OPTION BYTE. Supply an external clock to X1.
Page 25: Pin I/O Circuits And Connection Of Unused Pins
CHAPTER 2 PIN FUNCTIONS 2.3 Pin I/O Circuits and Connection of Unused Pins Table 2-1 shows I/O circuit type of each pin and the connections of unused pins. For the configuration of the I/O circuit of each type, refer to Figure 2-1. Table 2-1.
Page 26 CHAPTER 2 PIN FUNCTIONS Figure 2-1. Pin I/O Circuits Type 2 Type 11 Pull up P-ch enable Data P-ch IN/OUT Output N-ch disable Schmitt-triggered input with hysteresis characteristics Comparator P-ch N-ch (Threshold voltage) Input enable Type 3-C Type 16-B Feedback cut-off P-ch P-ch...
Page 27: Chapter 3 Cpu Architecture
CHAPTER 3 CPU ARCHITECTURE 3.1 Memory Space The 78K0S/KB1+ can access up to 64 KB of memory space. Figures 3-1 and 3-2 show the memory maps. μ Figure 3-1. Memory Map ( PD78F9232) F F F F H Special function registers (SFR) 256 ×...
Page 28 CHAPTER 3 CPU ARCHITECTURE μ Figure 3-2. Memory Map ( PD78F9234) F F F F H Special function registers (SFR) 256 × 8 bits F F 0 0 H F E F F H Internal high-speed RAM 256 × 8 bits F E 0 0 H F D F F H Use prohibited...
Page 29: Internal Program Memory Space
CHAPTER 3 CPU ARCHITECTURE 3.1.1 Internal program memory space The internal program memory space stores programs and table data. This space is usually addressed by the program counter (PC). The 78K0S/KB1+ provides the following internal ROMs (or flash memory) containing the following capacities. Table 3-1.
Page 30: Special Function Register (Sfr) Area
CHAPTER 3 CPU ARCHITECTURE 3.1.3 Special function register (SFR) area Special function registers (SFRs) of on-chip peripheral hardware are allocated to the area of FF00H to FFFFH (see Table 3-3). 3.1.4 Data memory addressing The 78K0S/KB1+ is provided with a wide range of addressing modes to make memory manipulation as efficient as possible.
Page 31 CHAPTER 3 CPU ARCHITECTURE μ Figure 3-4. Data Memory Addressing ( PD78F9234) F F F F H Special function registers (SFR) SFR addressing 256 × 8 bits F F 2 0 H F F 1 F H F F 0 0 H F E F F H Short direct addressing Internal high-speed RAM...
Page 32: Processor Registers
CHAPTER 3 CPU ARCHITECTURE 3.2 Processor Registers The 78K0S/KB1+ provides the following on-chip processor registers. 3.2.1 Control registers The control registers have special functions to control the program sequence statuses and stack memory. The control registers include a program counter, a program status word, and a stack pointer. (1) Program counter (PC) The program counter is a 16-bit register which holds the address information of the next program to be executed.
Page 33 CHAPTER 3 CPU ARCHITECTURE (d) Carry flag (CY) This flag stores overflow and underflow that have occurred upon add/subtract instruction execution. It stores the shift-out value upon rotate instruction execution and functions as a bit accumulator during bit operation instruction execution. (3) Stack pointer (SP) This is a 16-bit register to hold the start address of the memory stack area.
Page 34 CHAPTER 3 CPU ARCHITECTURE Figure 3-8. Data to Be Saved to Stack Memory PUSH rp CALL, CALLT Interrupt instruction instructions SP _ 3 SP _ 2 SP _ 2 SP _ 3 PC7 to PC0 Lower half SP _ 2 SP _ 2 SP _ 2 PC7 to PC0...
Page 35: General-Purpose Registers
CHAPTER 3 CPU ARCHITECTURE 3.2.2 General-purpose registers A general-purpose register consists of eight 8-bit registers (X, A, C, B, E, D, L, and H). In addition each register being used as an 8-bit register, two 8-bit registers in pairs can be used as a 16-bit register (AX, BC, DE, and HL).
Page 36: Special Function Registers (Sfrs)
CHAPTER 3 CPU ARCHITECTURE 3.2.3 Special function registers (SFRs) Unlike the general-purpose registers, each special function register has a special function. The special function registers are allocated to the 256-byte area FF00H to FFFFH. The special function registers can be manipulated, like the general-purpose registers, with operation, transfer, and bit manipulation instructions.
Page 37 CHAPTER 3 CPU ARCHITECTURE Table 3-3. Special Function Registers (1/3) Address Special Function Register (SFR) Name Symbol Number of Bits Manipulated After Reset Simultaneously 1 Bit 8 Bits 16 Bits √ √ − FF00H Port register 0 Note 1 √ √...
Page 38 CHAPTER 3 CPU ARCHITECTURE Table 3-3. Special Function Registers (2/3) Address Special Function Register (SFR) Name Symbol Number of Bits Manipulated After Reset Simultaneously 1 Bit 8 Bits 16 Bits √ √ − FF60H 16-bit timer mode control register 00 TMC00 √...
Page 39: Instruction Address Addressing
CHAPTER 3 CPU ARCHITECTURE Table 3-3. Special Function Registers (3/3) Address Special Function Register (SFR) Name Symbol Number of Bits Manipulated After Reset Simultaneously 1 Bit 8 Bits 16 Bits − √ − FFEDH External interrupt mode register 1 INTM1 √...
Page 40: Immediate Addressing
CHAPTER 3 CPU ARCHITECTURE 3.3.2 Immediate addressing [Function] Immediate data in the instruction word is transferred to the program counter (PC) to branch. This function is carried out when the CALL !addr16 and BR !addr16 instructions are executed. CALL !addr16 and BR !addr16 instructions can be used to branch to all the memory spaces. [Illustration] In case of CALL !addr16 and BR !addr16 instructions CALL or BR...
Page 41: Register Addressing
CHAPTER 3 CPU ARCHITECTURE 3.3.4 Register addressing [Function] The register pair (AX) contents to be specified with an instruction word are transferred to the program counter (PC) to branch. This function is carried out when the BR AX instruction is executed. [Illustration] User’s Manual U17446EJ3V1UD...
Page 42: Operand Address Addressing
CHAPTER 3 CPU ARCHITECTURE 3.4 Operand Address Addressing The following methods (addressing) are available to specify the register and memory to undergo manipulation during instruction execution. 3.4.1 Direct addressing [Function] The memory indicated by immediate data in an instruction word is directly addressed. [Operand format] Identifier Description...
Page 43: Short Direct Addressing
CHAPTER 3 CPU ARCHITECTURE 3.4.2 Short direct addressing [Function] The memory to be manipulated in the fixed space is directly addressed with the 8-bit data in an instruction word. The fixed space where this addressing is applied is the 256-byte space FE20H to FF1FH (FE20H to FEFFH (internal high-speed RAM) + FF00H to FF1FH (special function registers)).
Page 44: Special Function Register (Sfr) Addressing
CHAPTER 3 CPU ARCHITECTURE 3.4.3 Special function register (SFR) addressing [Function] A memory-mapped special function register (SFR) is addressed with the 8-bit immediate data in an instruction word. This addressing is applied to the 256-byte space FF00H to FFFFH. However, SFRs mapped at FF00H to FF1FH are accessed with short direct addressing.
Page 45: Register Addressing
CHAPTER 3 CPU ARCHITECTURE 3.4.4 Register addressing [Function] A general-purpose register is accessed as an operand. The general-purpose register to be accessed is specified with the register specify code and functional name in the instruction code. Register addressing is carried out when an instruction with the following operand format is executed. When an 8-bit register is specified, one of the eight registers is specified with 3 bits in the instruction code.
Page 46: Register Indirect Addressing
CHAPTER 3 CPU ARCHITECTURE 3.4.5 Register indirect addressing [Function] The memory is addressed with the contents of the register pair specified as an operand. The register pair to be accessed is specified with the register pair specify code in the instruction code. This addressing can be carried out for all the memory spaces.
Page 47: Based Addressing
CHAPTER 3 CPU ARCHITECTURE 3.4.6 Based addressing [Function] 8-bit immediate data is added to the contents of the base register, that is, the HL register pair, and the sum is used to address the memory. Addition is performed by expanding the offset data as a positive number to 16 bits. A carry from the 16th bit is ignored.
Page 48: Stack Addressing
CHAPTER 3 CPU ARCHITECTURE 3.4.7 Stack addressing [Function] The stack area is indirectly addressed with the stack pointer (SP) contents. This addressing method is automatically employed when the PUSH, POP, subroutine call, and return instructions are executed or the register is saved/restored upon interrupt request generation. Stack addressing can be used to access the internal high-speed RAM area only.
Page 49: Chapter 4 Port Functions
CHAPTER 4 PORT FUNCTIONS Functions of Ports The 78K0S/KB1+ has the ports shown in Figure 4-1, which can be used for various control operations. Table 4-1 shows the functions of each port. In addition to digital I/O port functions, each of these ports has an alternate function. For details, refer to CHAPTER 2 PIN FUNCTIONS.
Page 50 CHAPTER 4 PORT FUNCTIONS Table 4-1. Port Functions Pin Name Function After Reset Alternate- Function Pin − P00 to P03 Port 0. Input 4-bit I/O port. Can be set to input or output mode in 1-bit units. On-chip pull-up resistor can be connected by setting software. P20 to P23 Port 2.
Page 51: Port Configuration
CHAPTER 4 PORT FUNCTIONS Port Configuration Ports consist of the following hardware units. Table 4-2. Configuration of Ports Item Configuration Control registers Port mode registers (PM0, PM2, PM3, PM4, PM12) Port registers (P0, P2, P3, P4, P12, P13) Port mode control register 2 (PMC2) Pull-up resistor option registers (PU0, PU2, PU3, PU4, PU12) Ports Total: 26 (CMOS I/O: 24, CMOS input: 1, CMOS output: 1)
Page 52: Port 0
CHAPTER 4 PORT FUNCTIONS 4.2.1 Port 0 Port 0 is a 4-bit I/O port with an output latch. Each bit of this port can be set to the input or output mode by using port mode register 0 (PM0). When the P00 to P03 pins are used as an input port, an on-chip pull-up resistor can be connected in 1-bit units by using pull-up resistor option register 0 (PU0).
Page 53: Port 2
CHAPTER 4 PORT FUNCTIONS 4.2.2 Port 2 Port 2 is a 4-bit I/O port with an output latch. Each bit of this port can be set to the input or output mode by using port mode register 2 (PM2). When the P20 to P23 pins are used as an input port, an on-chip pull-up resistor can be connected in 1-bit units by using pull-up resistor option register 2 (PU2).
Page 54: Port 3
CHAPTER 4 PORT FUNCTIONS 4.2.3 Port 3 Pins P30 to P33 constitute a 4-bit I/O port with an output latch. Each bit of this port can be set to the input or output mode by using port mode register 3 (PM3). When the P30 to P33 pins are used as an input port, an on-chip pull-up resistor can be connected in 1-bit units by using pull-up resistor option register 3 (PU3).
Page 55 CHAPTER 4 PORT FUNCTIONS Figure 4-5. Block Diagram of P31 PU31 P-ch Alternate function PORT Output latch P31/TI010/TO00/INTP2 (P31) PM31 Alternate function PU3: Pull-up resistor option register 3 Port register 3 PM3: Port mode register 3 Read signal WR××: Write signal User’s Manual U17446EJ3V1UD...
Page 56 CHAPTER 4 PORT FUNCTIONS Figure 4-6. Block Diagram of P32 and P33 PU32, PU33 P-ch PORT Output latch P32, P33 (P32, P33) PM32, PM33 PU3: Pull-up resistor option register 3 Port register 3 PM3: Port mode register 3 Read signal WR××: Write signal <R>...
Page 57: Port 4
CHAPTER 4 PORT FUNCTIONS Also, since the option byte is referenced after the reset release, if low level is input to the RESET pin before the referencing, then the reset state is not released. When it is used as an input port pin, connect the pull-up resistor.
Page 58 CHAPTER 4 PORT FUNCTIONS Figure 4-9. Block Diagram of P41 and P44 PU41, PU44 P-ch Alternate function PORT Output latch P41/INTP3, (P41, P44) P44/RxD6 PM41, PM44 PU4: Pull-up resistor option register 4 Port register 4 PM4: Port mode register 4 Read signal WR××: Write signal User’s Manual U17446EJ3V1UD...
Page 59 CHAPTER 4 PORT FUNCTIONS Figure 4-10. Block Diagram of P42 PU42 P-ch PORT Output latch P42/TOH1 (P42) PM42 Alternate function PU4: Pull-up resistor option register 4 Port register 4 PM4: Port mode register 4 Read signal WR××: Write signal User’s Manual U17446EJ3V1UD...
Page 60: Port 12
CHAPTER 4 PORT FUNCTIONS Figure 4-11. Block Diagram of P43 PU43 P-ch Alternate function PORT Output latch P43/TxD6/INTP1 (P43) PM43 Alternate function PU4: Pull-up resistor option register 4 Port register 4 PM4: Port mode register 4 Read signal WR××: Write signal 4.2.5 Port 12 Port 12 is a 4-bit I/O port with an output latch.
Page 61 CHAPTER 4 PORT FUNCTIONS (3) External clock input The P121 pin is used as the X1 pin to input an external clock, and therefore it cannot be used as an I/O port pin. The P122 pin can be used as an I/O port pin. The system clock oscillation is selected by the option byte.
Page 62: Port 13
CHAPTER 4 PORT FUNCTIONS Figure 4-13. Block Diagram of P121 and P122 PORT Output latch P121/X1, (P121, P122) P122/X2 PM12 PM121, PM122 PM12: Port mode register 12 P12: Port register 12 Read signal WR××: Write signal 4.2.6 Port 13 This is a 1-bit output-only port. Figure 4-14 shows the block diagram of port 13.
Page 63: Registers Controlling Port Functions
CHAPTER 4 PORT FUNCTIONS Registers Controlling Port Functions The ports are controlled by the following four types of registers. • Port mode registers (PM0, PM2, PM3, PM4, PM12) • Port registers (P0, P2, P3, P4, P12, P13) • Port mode control register 2 (PMC2) •...
Page 64 CHAPTER 4 PORT FUNCTIONS (1) Port mode registers (PM0, PM2, PM3, PM4, PM12) These registers are used to set the corresponding port to the input or output mode in 1-bit units. Each port mode register can be set by a 1-bit or 8-bit memory manipulation instruction. Generation of reset signal sets these registers to FFH.
Page 65 CHAPTER 4 PORT FUNCTIONS (2) Port registers (P0, P2, P3, P4, P12, P13) These registers are used to write data to be output from the corresponding port pin to an external device connected to the chip. When a port register is read, the pin level is read in the input mode, and the value of the output latch of the port is read in the output mode.
Page 66 CHAPTER 4 PORT FUNCTIONS (3) Port mode control register 2 (PMC2) This register specifies the port mode or A/D converter mode. Each bit of the PMC2 register corresponds to each pin of port 2 and can be specified in 1-bit units. PMC2 is set by using a 1-bit or 8-bit memory manipulation instruction.
Page 67 CHAPTER 4 PORT FUNCTIONS (4) Pull-up resistor option registers (PU0, PU2, PU3, PU4, and PU12) These registers are used to specify whether an on-chip pull-up resistor is connected to P00 to P03, P20 to P23, P30 to P33, P40 to P47, P120, and P123. By setting PU0, PU2, PU3, PU4, or PU12, an on-chip pull-up resistor can be connected to the port pin corresponding to the bit of PU0, PU2, PU3, PU4, or PU12.
Page 68: Operation Of Port Function
CHAPTER 4 PORT FUNCTIONS Operation of Port Function The operation of a port differs, as follows, depending on the setting of the I/O mode. Caution Although a 1-bit memory manipulation instruction manipulates 1 bit, it accesses a port in 8-bit units.
Page 69: Chapter 5 Clock Generators
CHAPTER 5 CLOCK GENERATORS Functions of Clock Generators The clock generators include a circuit that generates a clock (system clock) to be supplied to the CPU and peripheral hardware, and a circuit that generates a clock (interval time generation clock) to be supplied to the watchdog timer and 8-bit timer H1 (TMH1).
Page 70: Configuration Of Clock Generators
CHAPTER 5 CLOCK GENERATORS Configuration of Clock Generators The clock generators consist of the following hardware. Table 5-1. Configuration of Clock Generators Item Configuration Control registers Processor clock control register (PCC) Preprocessor clock control register (PPCC) Low-speed internal oscillation mode register (LSRCM) Oscillation stabilization time select register (OSTS) Oscillators Crystal/ceramic oscillator...
Page 71 CHAPTER 5 CLOCK GENERATORS Figure 5-1. Block Diagram of Clock Generators Internal bus Oscillation stabilization Preprocessor clock Processor clock time select register (OSTS) control register (PCC) control register (PPCC) OSTS1 OSTS0 PPCC1 PPCC0 PCC1 System clock oscillation Controller stabilization time counter CPU clock STOP Watchdog timer...
Page 72: Registers Controlling Clock Generators
CHAPTER 5 CLOCK GENERATORS Registers Controlling Clock Generators The clock generators are controlled by the following four registers. • Processor clock control register (PCC) • Preprocessor clock control register (PPCC) • Low-speed internal oscillation mode register (LSRCM) • Oscillation stabilization time select register (OSTS) (1) Processor clock control register (PCC) and preprocessor clock control register (PPCC) These registers are used to specify the division ratio of the system clock.
Page 73 CHAPTER 5 CLOCK GENERATORS The fastest instruction of the 78K0S/KB1+ is executed in two CPU clocks. Therefore, the relationship between the CPU clock (f ) and the minimum instruction execution time is as shown in Table 5-2. Table 5-2. Relationship Between CPU Clock and Minimum Instruction Execution Time Note CPU Clock (f Minimum Instruction Execution Time: 2/f...
Page 74 CHAPTER 5 CLOCK GENERATORS (3) Oscillation stabilization time select register (OSTS) This register is used to select oscillation stabilization time of the clock supplied from the oscillator when the STOP mode is released. The wait time set by OSTS is valid only when the crystal/ceramic oscillation clock is selected as the system clock and after the STOP mode is released.
Page 75: System Clock Oscillators
CHAPTER 5 CLOCK GENERATORS System Clock Oscillators The following three types of system clock oscillators are available. • High-speed internal oscillator: Internally oscillates a clock of 8 MHz (TYP.). • Crystal/ceramic oscillator: Oscillates a clock of 1 to 10 MHz. •...
Page 76 CHAPTER 5 CLOCK GENERATORS Figure 5-7 shows examples of incorrect resonator connection. Figure 5-7. Examples of Incorrect Resonator Connection (1/2) (a) Too long wiring of connected circuit (b) Crossed signal lines PORT (d) Current flowing through ground line of oscillator (c) Wiring near high fluctuating current (Potential at points A, B, and C fluctuates.) PORT...
Page 77: External Clock Input Circuit
CHAPTER 5 CLOCK GENERATORS Figure 5-7. Examples of Incorrect Resonator Connection (2/2) (e) Signals are fetched 5.4.3 External clock input circuit This circuit supplies a clock from an external IC to the X1 pin. If external clock input is selected by the option byte as the system clock source, the X2 pin can be used as an I/O port pin.
Page 78: Operation Of Cpu Clock Generator
CHAPTER 5 CLOCK GENERATORS Operation of CPU Clock Generator A clock (f ) is supplied to the CPU from the system clock (f ) oscillated by one of the following three types of oscillators. • High-speed internal oscillator: Internally oscillates a clock of 8 MHz (TYP.). •...
Page 79 CHAPTER 5 CLOCK GENERATORS (a) The internal reset signal is generated by the power-on-clear function on power application, the option byte is referenced after reset, and the system clock is selected. (b) The option byte is referenced and the system clock is selected. Then the high-speed internal oscillation clock operates as the system clock.
Page 80 CHAPTER 5 CLOCK GENERATORS Figure 5-10. Timing Chart of Default Start by Crystal/Ceramic Oscillator RESET Internal reset System clock Crystal/ceramic CPU clock oscillator clock PCC = 02H, PPCC = 02H Option byte is read. Clock oscillation System clock is selected. stabilization Note 1 (Operation stops...
Page 81 CHAPTER 5 CLOCK GENERATORS Figure 5-11. Status Transition of Default Start by Crystal/Ceramic Oscillation Power application > 2.1 V ±0.1 V Reset by power-on-clear Reset signal Crystal/ceramic oscillation selected by option byte Wait for clock oscillation stabilization Start with PCC = 02H, PPCC = 02H Clock division ratio variable during...
Page 82 CHAPTER 5 CLOCK GENERATORS Figure 5-12. Timing of Default Start by External Clock Input RESET Internal reset System clock External clock input CPU clock PCC = 02H, PPCC = 02H Option byte is read. System clock is selected. Note (Operation stops μ...
Page 83: Operation Of Clock Generator Supplying Clock To Peripheral Hardware
CHAPTER 5 CLOCK GENERATORS Operation of Clock Generator Supplying Clock to Peripheral Hardware The following two types of clocks are supplied to the peripheral hardware. • Clock to peripheral hardware (f • Low-speed internal oscillation clock (f (1) Clock to peripheral hardware The clock to the peripheral hardware is supplied by dividing the system clock (f ).
Page 84 CHAPTER 5 CLOCK GENERATORS Figure 5-14. Status Transition of Low-Speed Internal Oscillation Power application > 2.1 V ±0.1 V Reset by power-on-clear Reset signal Select by option byte if low-speed internal oscillator can be stopped or not Can be stopped Cannot be stopped Clock source of Clock source of...
Page 85: Chapter 6 16-Bit Timer/Event Counter 00
CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 Functions of 16-bit Timer/Event Counter 00 16-bit timer/event counter 00 has the following functions. (1) Interval timer 16-bit timer/event counter 00 generates interrupt requests at the preset time interval. • Number of counts: 2 to 65536 (2) External event counter 16-bit timer/event counter 00 can measure the number of pulses with a high-/low-level width of valid level pulse width or more of a signal input externally.
Page 86: Configuration Of 16-Bit Timer/Event Counter 00
CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 Configuration of 16-bit Timer/Event Counter 00 16-bit timer/event counter 00 consists of the following hardware. Table 6-1. Configuration of 16-bit Timer/Event Counter 00 Item Configuration Timer counter 16-bit timer counter 00 (TM00) Register 16-bit timer capture/compare registers 000, 010 (CR000, CR010) Timer input TI000, TI010 Timer output...
Page 87 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 (1) 16-bit timer counter 00 (TM00) TM00 is a 16-bit read-only register that counts count pulses. The counter is incremented in synchronization with the rising edge of the count clock. If the count value is read during operation, input of the count clock is temporarily stopped, and the count value at that point is read.
Page 88 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 • When CR000 is used as a capture register It is possible to select the valid edge of the TI000 pin or the TI010 pin as the capture trigger. Setting of the TI000 or TI010 valid edge is performed by means of prescaler mode register 00 (PRM00) (refer to Table 6- Table 6-2.
Page 89 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 Caution 7. Changing the CR000 setting during TM00 operation may cause a malfunction. To change the setting, refer to 6.5 Cautions Related to 16-bit Timer/Event Counter 00 (17) Changing compare register during timer operation. (3) 16-bit timer capture/compare register 010 (CR010) CR010 is a 16-bit register which has the functions of both a capture register and a compare register.
Page 90: Registers To Control 16-Bit Timer/Event Counter 00
CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 Cautions 5. If the register read period and the input of the capture trigger conflict when CR010 is used as a capture register, the capture trigger input takes precedence and the read data is undefined. Also, if the timer count stop and the input of the capture trigger conflict, the capture data is undefined.
Page 91 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 Figure 6-5. Format of 16-bit Timer Mode Control Register 00 (TMC00) Address: FF60H After reset: 00H Symbol <0> TMC00 TMC003 TMC002 TMC001 OVF00 TMC003 TMC002 TMC001 Operating mode and clear TO00 inversion timing selection Interrupt request generation mode selection Operation stop...
Page 92 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 (2) Capture/compare control register 00 (CRC00) This register controls the operation of the 16-bit capture/compare registers (CR000, CR010). CRC00 is set by a 1-bit or 8-bit memory manipulation instruction. Generation of reset signal sets the value of CRC00 to 00H. Figure 6-6.
Page 93 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 (3) 16-bit timer output control register 00 (TOC00) This register controls the operation of the 16-bit timer/event counter output controller. It sets timer output F/F set/reset, output inversion enable/disable, 16-bit timer/event counter 00 timer output enable/disable, one-shot pulse output operation enable/disable, and output trigger of one-shot pulse by software.
Page 94 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 (4) Prescaler mode register 00 (PRM00) This register is used to set the 16-bit timer counter 00 (TM00) count clock and the TI000, TI010 pin input valid edges. PRM00 is set by a 1-bit or 8-bit memory manipulation instruction. Generation of reset signal sets the value of PRM00 to 00H.
Page 95 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 Cautions 1. Always set data to PRM00 after stopping the timer operation. 2. If the valid edge of the TI000 pin is to be set as the count clock, do not set the clear/start mode and the capture trigger at the valid edge of the TI000 pin.
Page 96: Operation Of 16-Bit Timer/Event Counter 00
CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 Operation of 16-bit Timer/Event Counter 00 6.4.1 Interval timer operation Setting 16-bit timer mode control register 00 (TMC00) and capture/compare control register 00 (CRC00) as shown in Figure 6-10 allows operation as an interval timer. Setting The basic operation setting procedure is as follows.
Page 97 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 Figure 6-10. Control Register Settings for Interval Timer Operation (a) Capture/compare control register 00 (CRC00) CRC002 CRC001 CRC000 CRC00 CR000 used as compare register (b) Prescaler mode register 00 (PRM00) ES110 ES100 ES010 ES000 PRM001 PRM000 PRM00...
Page 98: External Event Counter Operation
CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 Figure 6-12. Timing of Interval Timer Operation Count clock TM00 count value 0000H 0001H 0000H 0001H 0000H 0001H Timer operation enabled Clear Clear CR000 INTTM000 Interrupt request generated Interrupt request generated Remark Interval time = (N + 1) × t N = 0001H to FFFFH (settable range) When the compare register is changed during timer count operation, if the value after 16-bit timer capture/compare register 000 (CR000) is changed is smaller than that of 16-bit timer counter 00 (TM00), TM00 continues counting,...
Page 99 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 The external event counter counts the number of external clock pulses to be input to the TI000 pin with using 16-bit timer counter 00 (TM00). TM00 is incremented each time the valid edge specified by prescaler mode register 00 (PRM00) is input. When the TM00 count value matches the 16-bit timer capture/compare register 000 (CR000) value, TM00 is cleared to 0 and the interrupt request signal (INTTM000) is generated.
Page 100 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 Figure 6-15. External Event Counter Configuration Diagram Internal bus 16-bit timer capture/compare register 000 (CR000) Match INTTM000 Clear Note Noise eliminator 16-bit timer counter 00 (TM00) OVF00 Valid edge of TI000 Note OVF00 is 1 only when 16-bit timer capture/compare register 000 (CR000) is set to FFFFH. Figure 6-16.
Page 101: Pulse Width Measurement Operations
CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 6.4.3 Pulse width measurement operations It is possible to measure the pulse width of the signals input to the TI000 pin and TI010 pin using 16-bit timer counter 00 (TM00). There are two measurement methods: measuring with TM00 used in free-running mode, and measuring by restarting the timer in synchronization with the edge of the signal input to the TI000 pin.
Page 102 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 (1) Pulse width measurement with free-running counter and one capture register Specify both the rising and falling edges as the valid edges of the TI000 pin, by using bits 4 and 5 (ES000 and ES010) of PRM00.
Page 103 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 Figure 6-19. Configuration Diagram for Pulse Width Measurement by Free-Running Counter 16-bit timer/counter 00 (TM00) 16-bit timer capture/compare TI000/INTP0/P30 register 010 (CR010) INTTM010 Internal bus Figure 6-20. Timing of Pulse Width Measurement Operation by Free-Running Counter and One Capture Register (with Both Edges Specified) Count clock 0000H...
Page 104 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 (2) Measurement of two pulse widths with free-running counter When 16-bit timer counter 00 (TM00) is operated in free-running mode, it is possible to simultaneously measure the pulse widths of the two signals input to the TI000 pin and the TI010 pin. Specify both the rising and falling edges as the valid edges of the TI000 and TI010 pins, by using bits 4 and 5 (ES000 and ES010) and bits 6 and 7 (ES100 and ES110) of PRM00.
Page 105 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 Figure 6-22. Timing of Pulse Width Measurement Operation with Free-Running Counter (with Both Edges Specified) Count clock 0000H 0001H D0 + 1 D1 + 1 FFFFH 0000H D2 + 1 D2 + 2 TM00 count value TI000 pin input CR010 capture value INTTM010...
Page 106 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 Figure 6-23. Control Register Settings for Pulse Width Measurement with Free-Running Counter and Two Capture Registers (with Rising Edge Specified) (a) Capture/compare control register 00 (CRC00) CRC002 CRC001 CRC000 CRC00 CR000 used as capture register Captures to CR000 at inverse edge Note to valid edge of TI000...
Page 107 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 Figure 6-24. Timing of Pulse Width Measurement Operation by Free-Running Counter and Two Capture Registers (with Rising Edge Specified) Count clock TM00 count value 0000H 0001H D0 + 1 D1 + 1 FFFFH 0000H D2 + 1 TI000 pin input CR010 capture value...
Page 108 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 Figure 6-25. Control Register Settings for Pulse Width Measurement by Means of Restart (with Rising Edge Specified) (a) Capture/compare control register 00 (CRC00) CRC002 CRC001 CRC000 CRC00 CR000 used as capture register Note Captures to CR000 at inverse edge to valid edge of TI000 CR010 used as capture register (b) Prescaler mode register 00 (PRM00) ES110...
Page 109: Square-Wave Output Operation
CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 6.4.4 Square-wave output operation Setting The basic operation setting procedure is as follows. <1> Set the count clock by using the PRM00 register. <2> Set the CRC00 register (see Figure 6-27 for the set value). <3>...
Page 110 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 Figure 6-27. Control Register Settings in Square-Wave Output Mode (2/2) (c) 16-bit timer output control register 00 (TOC00) OSPT00 OSPE00 TOC004 LVS00 LVR00 TOC001 TOE00 TOC00 Enables TO00 output. Inverts output on match between TM00 and CR000. Specifies initial value of TO00 output F/F (setting “11”...
Page 111: Ppg Output Operations
CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 6.4.5 PPG output operations Setting 16-bit timer mode control register 00 (TMC00) and capture/compare control register 00 (CRC00) as shown in Figure 6-29 allows operation as PPG (Programmable Pulse Generator) output. Setting The basic operation setting procedure is as follows. <1>...
Page 112 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 Figure 6-29. Control Register Settings for PPG Output Operation (a) Capture/compare control register 00 (CRC00) CRC002 CRC001 CRC000 × CRC00 CR000 used as compare register CR010 used as compare register (b) 16-bit timer output control register 00 (TOC00) OSPT00 OSPE00 TOC004...
Page 113 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 Figure 6-30. Configuration Diagram of PPG Output 16-bit timer capture/compare register 000 (CR000) Clear 16-bit timer counter 00 circuit (TM00) Noise TI000/INTP0/P30 eliminator TO00/TI010/ INTP2/P31 16-bit timer capture/compare register 010 (CR010) Figure 6-31. PPG Output Operation Timing Count clock M −...
Page 114: One-Shot Pulse Output Operation
CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 6.4.6 One-shot pulse output operation 16-bit timer/event counter 00 can output a one-shot pulse in synchronization with a software trigger or an external trigger (TI000 pin input). Setting The basic operation setting procedure is as follows. <1>...
Page 115 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 Figure 6-32. Control Register Settings for One-Shot Pulse Output with Software Trigger (a) Prescaler mode register 00 (PRM00) ES110 ES100 ES010 ES000 PRM001 PRM000 PRM00 Selects count clock. Setting invalid (setting “10” is prohibited.) Setting invalid (setting “10”...
Page 116 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 Figure 6-33. Timing of One-Shot Pulse Output Operation with Software Trigger Set TMC00 to 04H (TM00 count starts) Count clock − − TM00 count 0000H 0001H N + 1 0000H M + 1 M + 2 CR010 set value CR000 set value OSPT00...
Page 117 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 Figure 6-34. Control Register Settings for One-Shot Pulse Output with External Trigger (with Rising Edge Specified) (a) Prescaler mode register 00 (PRM00) ES110 ES100 ES010 ES000 PRM001 PRM000 PRM00 Selects count clock (setting “11” is prohibited). Specifies the rising edge for pulse width detection.
Page 118 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 Figure 6-35. Timing of One-Shot Pulse Output Operation with External Trigger (with Rising Edge Specified) When TMC00 is set to 08H (TM00 count starts) Count clock − − TM00 count value 0000H 0001H 0000H N + 1 N + 2 M + 1 M + 2 CR010 set value...
Page 119: Cautions Related To 16-Bit Timer/Event Counter 00
CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 Cautions Related to 16-bit Timer/Event Counter 00 (1) Timer start errors An error of up to one clock may occur in the time required for a match signal to be generated after timer start. This is because 16-bit timer counter 00 (TM00) is started asynchronously to the count clock.
Page 120 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 (4) Capture register data retention The value of 16-bit timer capture/compare register 0n0 (CR0n0) after 16-bit timer/event counter 00 has stopped is not guaranteed. Remark n = 0, 1 (5) Setting of 16-bit timer mode control register 00 (TMC00) The timer operation must be stopped before writing to bits other than the OVF00 flag.
Page 121 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 (12) One-shot pulse output with external trigger <1> Do not input the external trigger again while the one-shot pulse is being output. To output the one-shot pulse again, wait until the current one-shot pulse output is completed. <2>...
Page 122 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 (14) Conflicting operations If the register read period and the input of the capture trigger conflict when CR000/CR010 is used as a capture register, the capture trigger input takes precedence and the read data is undefined. Also, if the count stop of the timer and the input of the capture trigger conflict, the captured data is undefined.
Page 123 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 (16) Compare operation The capture operation may not be performed for CR0n0 set in compare mode even if a capture trigger is input. Remark n = 0, 1 (17) Changing compare register during timer operation <1>...
Page 124 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 (18) Edge detection <1> In the following cases, note with caution that the valid edge of the TI0n0 pin is detected. (a) Immediately after a system reset, if a high level is input to the TI0n0 pin, the operation of the 16-bit timer counter 00 (TM00) is enabled →...
Page 125 CHAPTER 6 16-BIT TIMER/EVENT COUNTER 00 (23) External clock limitation <R> <1> When using an input pulse of the TI000 pin as a count clock (external trigger), be sure to input the pulse width which satisfies the AC characteristics. For the AC characteristics, refer to CHAPTER 21 and CHAPTER 22 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS.
Page 126: Chapter 7 8-Bit Timer 80
CHAPTER 7 8-BIT TIMER 80 Function of 8-bit Timer 80 8-bit timer 80 has an 8-bit interval timer function and generates an interrupt at intervals specified in advance. Table 7-1. Interval Time of 8-bit Timer 80 Minimum Interval Time Maximum Interval Time Resolution μ...
Page 127: Configuration Of 8-Bit Timer 80
CHAPTER 7 8-BIT TIMER 80 Configuration of 8-bit Timer 80 8-bit timer 80 consists of the following hardware. Table 7-2. Configuration of 8-bit Timer 80 Item Configuration Timer counter 8-bit timer counter 80 (TM80) Register 8-bit compare register 80 (CR80) Control register 8-bit timer mode control register 80 (TMC80) Figure 7-1.
Page 128 CHAPTER 7 8-BIT TIMER 80 (1) 8-bit compare register 80 (CR80) This 8-bit register always compares its set value with the count value of 8-bit timer/counter 80 (TM80). It generates an interrupt request signal (INTTM80) if the two values match. CR80 is set by using an 8-bit memory manipulation instruction.
Page 129: Register Controlling 8-Bit Timer 80
CHAPTER 7 8-BIT TIMER 80 Register Controlling 8-bit Timer 80 8-bit timer 80 is controlled by 8-bit timer mode control register 80 (TMC80). (1) 8-bit timer mode control register 80 (TMC80) This register is used to enable or stop the operation of 8-bit timer/counter 80 (TM80), and to set the count clock of TM80.
Page 130: Operation Of 8-Bit Timer 80
CHAPTER 7 8-BIT TIMER 80 Operation of 8-bit Timer 80 7.4.1 Operation as interval timer When 8-bit timer 80 operates as an interval timer, it can repeatedly generate an interrupt at intervals specified by the count value set in advance to 8-bit compare register 80 (CR80). To use 8-bit timer 80 as an interval timer, make the following setting.
Page 131 CHAPTER 7 8-BIT TIMER 80 Figure 7-5. Timing of Interval Timer Operation Count clock TM80 count value Clear Clear CR80 TCE80 Count start INTTM80 Interrupt request generated Interrupt request generated Interval time Interval time Remark Interval time = (N + 1) × t N = 00H to FFH User’s Manual U17446EJ3V1UD...
Page 132: Notes On 8-Bit Timer 80
CHAPTER 7 8-BIT TIMER 80 Notes on 8-bit Timer 80 (1) Error when timer starts The time from starting the timer to generation of the match signal includes an error of up to 1.5 clocks. This is because, if the timer is started while the count clock is high, the rising edge may be immediately detected and the counter may be incremented (refer to Figure 7-6).
Page 133: Chapter 8 8-Bit Timer H1
CHAPTER 8 8-BIT TIMER H1 Functions of 8-bit Timer H1 8-bit timer H1 has the following functions. • Interval timer • PWM output mode • Square-wave output Configuration of 8-bit Timer H1 8-bit timer H1 consists of the following hardware. Table 8-1.
Page 134 Figure 8-1. Block Diagram of 8-bit Timer H1 Internal bus 8-bit timer H mode register 1 (TMHMD1) 8-bit timer H 8-bit timer H TMHE1 CKS12 CKS11 CKS10 TMMD11 TMMD10 TOLEV1 TOEN1 compare register compare register 11 (CMP11) 01 (CMP01) Decoder TOH1/P42 Selector Output latch...
Page 135 CHAPTER 8 8-BIT TIMER H1 (1) 8-bit timer H compare register 01 (CMP01) This register can be read or written by an 8-bit memory manipulation instruction. Reset signal generation clears this register to 00H. Figure 8-2. Format of 8-bit Timer H Compare Register 01 (CMP01) Address: FF0EH After reset: 00H Symbol...
Page 136: Registers Controlling 8-Bit Timer H1
CHAPTER 8 8-BIT TIMER H1 Registers Controlling 8-bit Timer H1 The following three registers are used to control 8-bit timer H1. • 8-bit timer H mode register 1 (TMHMD1) • Port mode register 4 (PM4) • Port register 4 (P4) (1) 8-bit timer H mode register 1 (TMHMD1) This register controls the mode of timer H.
Page 137 CHAPTER 8 8-BIT TIMER H1 Figure 8-4. Format of 8-bit Timer H Mode Register 1 (TMHMD1) Address: FF70H After reset: 00H <7> <1> <0> Symbol TMHMD1 TMHE1 CKS12 CKS11 CKS10 TMMD11 TMMD10 TOLEV1 TOEN1 TMHE1 Timer operation enable Stop timer count operation (counter is cleared to 0) Enable timer count operation (count operation started by inputting clock) CKS12 CKS11...
Page 138 CHAPTER 8 8-BIT TIMER H1 (2) Port mode register 4 (PM4) This register sets port 4 input/output in 1-bit units. When using the P42/TOH1 pin for timer output, clear PM42 and the output latch of P42 to 0. PM4 can be set by a 1-bit or 8-bit memory manipulation instruction. Generation of reset signal sets this register to FFH.
Page 139: Operation Of 8-Bit Timer H1
CHAPTER 8 8-BIT TIMER H1 Operation of 8-bit Timer H1 8.4.1 Operation as interval timer/square-wave output When 8-bit timer counter H1 and compare register 01 (CMP01) match, an interrupt request signal (INTTMH1) is generated and 8-bit timer counter H1 is cleared to 00H. Compare register 11 (CMP11) is not used in interval timer mode.
Page 140 CHAPTER 8 8-BIT TIMER H1 (2) Timing chart The timing of the interval timer/square-wave output operation is shown below. Figure 8-7. Timing of Interval Timer/Square-Wave Output Operation (1/2) (a) Basic operation (01H ≤ CMP01 ≤ FEH) Count clock Count start 01H 00H 8-bit timer counter H1 Clear...
Page 141 CHAPTER 8 8-BIT TIMER H1 Figure 8-7. Timing of Interval Timer/Square-Wave Output Operation (2/2) (b) Operation when CMP01 = FFH Count clock Count start 8-bit timer counter H1 Clear Clear CMP01 TMHE1 INTTMH1 TOH1 Interval time (c) Operation when CMP01 = 00H Count clock Count start 8-bit timer counter H1...
Page 142: Operation As Pwm Output Mode
CHAPTER 8 8-BIT TIMER H1 8.4.2 Operation as PWM output mode In PWM output mode, a pulse with an arbitrary duty and arbitrary cycle can be output. 8-bit timer compare register 01 (CMP01) controls the cycle of timer output (TOH1). Rewriting the CMP01 register during timer operation is prohibited.
Page 143 CHAPTER 8 8-BIT TIMER H1 <4> When 8-bit timer counter H1 and the CMP11 register match, TOH1 output becomes inactive and the compare register to be compared with 8-bit timer counter H1 is changed from the CMP11 register to the CMP01 register.
Page 144 CHAPTER 8 8-BIT TIMER H1 (2) Timing chart The operation timing in PWM output mode is shown below. Caution Make sure that the CMP11 register setting value (M) and CMP01 register setting value (N) are within the following range. 00H ≤ CMP11 (M) < CMP01 (N) ≤ FFH Figure 8-9.
Page 145 CHAPTER 8 8-BIT TIMER H1 Figure 8-9. Operation Timing in PWM Output Mode (2/4) (b) Operation when CMP01 = FFH, CMP11 = 00H Count clock 8-bit timer counter H1 00H 01H FFH 00H 01H 02H FFH 00H 01H 02H FFH 00H CMP01 CMP11 TMHE1...
Page 146 CHAPTER 8 8-BIT TIMER H1 Figure 8-9. Operation Timing in PWM Output Mode (3/4) (d) Operation when CMP01 = 01H, CMP11 = 00H Count clock 01H 00H 01H 00H 00H 01H 00H 01H 8-bit timer counter H1 CMP01 CMP11 TMHE1 INTTMH1 TOH1 (TOLEV1 = 0)
Page 147 CHAPTER 8 8-BIT TIMER H1 Figure 8-9. Operation Timing in PWM Output Mode (4/4) (e) Operation by changing CMP11 (CMP11 = 02H → 03H, CMP01 = A5H) Count clock 8-bit timer counter H1 00H 01H 02H A5H 00H 01H 02H 03H A5H 00H 01H 02H 03H A5H 00H CMP01...
Page 148: Chapter 9 Watchdog Timer
CHAPTER 9 WATCHDOG TIMER Functions of Watchdog Timer The watchdog timer is used to detect an inadvertent program loop. If a program loop is detected, an internal reset signal is generated. When a reset occurs due to the watchdog timer, bit 4 (WDTRF) of the reset control flag register (RESF) is set to 1. For details of RESF, see CHAPTER 15 RESET FUNCTION.
Page 149 CHAPTER 9 WATCHDOG TIMER Table 9-2. Option Byte Setting and Watchdog Timer Operation Mode Option Byte Setting Low-Speed Internal Oscillator Cannot Be Stopped Low-Speed Internal Oscillator Can Be Stopped by Software • Selectable by software (f Note 1 Watchdog timer clock Fixed to f or stopped) •...
Page 150: Configuration Of Watchdog Timer
CHAPTER 9 WATCHDOG TIMER Configuration of Watchdog Timer The watchdog timer consists of the following hardware. Table 9-3. Configuration of Watchdog Timer Item Configuration Control registers Watchdog timer mode register (WDTM) Watchdog timer enable register (WDTE) Figure 9-1. Block Diagram of Watchdog Timer Clock Output 16-bit...
Page 151: Registers Controlling Watchdog Timer
CHAPTER 9 WATCHDOG TIMER Registers Controlling Watchdog Timer The watchdog timer is controlled by the following two registers. • Watchdog timer mode register (WDTM) • Watchdog timer enable register (WDTE) (1) Watchdog timer mode register (WDTM) This register sets the overflow time and operation clock of the watchdog timer. This register can be set by an 8-bit memory manipulation instruction and can be read many times, but can be written only once after reset is released.
Page 152 CHAPTER 9 WATCHDOG TIMER Cautions 1. Set bits 7, 6, and 5 to 0, 1, and 1, respectively. Do not set the other values. 2. After reset is released, WDTM can be written only once by an 8-bit memory manipulation instruction. If writing is attempted a second time, an internal reset signal is generated.
Page 153: Operation Of Watchdog Timer
CHAPTER 9 WATCHDOG TIMER Operation of Watchdog Timer 9.4.1 Watchdog timer operation when “low-speed internal oscillator cannot be stopped” is selected by option byte The operation clock of watchdog timer is fixed to low-speed internal oscillation clock. After reset is released, operation is started at the maximum cycle (bits 2, 1, and 0 (WDCS2, WDCS1, WDCS0) of the watchdog timer mode register (WDTM) = 1, 1, 1).
Page 154 CHAPTER 9 WATCHDOG TIMER Figure 9-4. Status Transition Diagram When “Low-Speed Internal Oscillator Cannot Be Stopped” Is Selected by Option Byte Reset WDT clock: f Overflow time: 546.13 ms (MAX.) WDTE = “ACH” Clear WDT counter. WDT clock is fixed to f Select overflow time (settable only once).
Page 155: Watchdog Timer Operation When "Low-Speed Internal Oscillator Can Be Stopped By Software" Is Selected By Option Byte
CHAPTER 9 WATCHDOG TIMER 9.4.2 Watchdog timer operation when “low-speed internal oscillator can be stopped by software” is selected by option byte The operation clock of the watchdog timer can be selected as either the low-speed internal oscillation clock or the system clock.
Page 156 CHAPTER 9 WATCHDOG TIMER Figure 9-5. Status Transition Diagram When “Low-Speed Internal Oscillator Can Be Stopped by Software” Is Selected by Option Byte Reset WDT clock: f Overflow time: 546.13 ms (MAX.) WDCS4 = 1 WDT clock = f Select overflow time (settable only once).
Page 157: Watchdog Timer Operation In Stop Mode (When "Low-Speed Internal Oscillator Can Be Stopped By Software" Is Selected By Option Byte)
CHAPTER 9 WATCHDOG TIMER 9.4.3 Watchdog timer operation in STOP mode (when “low-speed internal oscillator can be stopped by software” is selected by option byte) The watchdog timer stops counting during STOP instruction execution regardless of whether the system clock or low-speed internal oscillation clock is being used.
Page 158 CHAPTER 9 WATCHDOG TIMER (2) When the watchdog timer operation clock is the low-speed internal oscillation clock (f ) when the STOP instruction is executed When the STOP instruction is executed, operation of the watchdog timer is stopped. After STOP mode is μ...
Page 159: Watchdog Timer Operation In Halt Mode (When "Low-Speed Internal Oscillator Can Be Stopped By Software" Is Selected By Option Byte)
CHAPTER 9 WATCHDOG TIMER 9.4.4 Watchdog timer operation in HALT mode (when “low-speed internal oscillator can be stopped by software” is selected by option byte) The watchdog timer stops counting during HALT instruction execution regardless of whether the operation clock of the watchdog timer is the system clock (f ) or low-speed internal oscillation clock (f ).
Page 160: Chapter 10 A/D Converter
CHAPTER 10 A/D CONVERTER 10.1 Functions of A/D Converter The A/D converter converts an analog input signal into a digital value, and consists of up to four channels (ANI0 to ANI3) with a resolution of 10 bits. The A/D converter has the following function. •...
Page 161 CHAPTER 10 A/D CONVERTER Table 10-1. Sampling Time and A/D Conversion Time Reference Sampling Conversion = 8 MHz = 10 MHz Note 2 Note 3 Voltage Time Time Sampling Conversion Sampling Conversion Note 1 Note 2 Note 3 Note 2 Note 3 Range Time...
Page 162: Configuration Of A/D Converter
CHAPTER 10 A/D CONVERTER Figure 10-2 shows the block diagram of A/D converter. Figure 10-2. Block Diagram of A/D Converter ANI0/P20 Sample & hold circuit ANI1/P21 Voltage comparator D/A converter ANI2/P22 ANI3/P23 Successive approximation register (SAR) Controller INTAD A/D conversion result register (ADCR, ADCRH) ADS1 ADS0...
Page 163 CHAPTER 10 A/D CONVERTER (5) Successive approximation register (SAR) This register compares the sampled analog voltage and the voltage of the D/A converter, and converts the result, starting from the most significant bit (MSB). When the voltage value is converted into a digital value down to the least significant bit (LSB) (end of A/D conversion), the contents of the SAR register are transferred to the A/D conversion result register (ADCR).
Page 164: Registers Used By A/D Converter
CHAPTER 10 A/D CONVERTER 10.3 Registers Used by A/D Converter The A/D converter uses the following six registers. • A/D converter mode register (ADM) • Analog input channel specification register (ADS) • 10-bit A/D conversion result register (ADCR) • 8-bit A/D conversion result register (ADCRH) •...
Page 165 CHAPTER 10 A/D CONVERTER (1) A/D converter mode register (ADM) This register sets the conversion time for analog input to be A/D converted, and starts/stops conversion. ADM can be set by a 1-bit or 8-bit memory manipulation instruction. Reset signal generation clears this register to 00H. Figure 10-3.
Page 166 CHAPTER 10 A/D CONVERTER Notes 2. Be sure to set the FR2, FR1, and FR0, in accordance with the reference voltage so that Notes 3 and 4 below are satisfied. ≥ 2.7 V, f Example When AV = 8 MHz μ...
Page 167 CHAPTER 10 A/D CONVERTER Cautions 2. If a bit other than ADCS of ADM is manipulated while A/D conversion is stopped (ADCS = 0) and then A/D conversion is started, execute two NOP instructions or an instruction equivalent to two machine cycles, and set ADCS to 1. 3.
Page 168 CHAPTER 10 A/D CONVERTER (4) 8-bit A/D conversion result register (ADCRH) This register is an 8-bit register that stores the A/D conversion result. It stores the higher 8 bits of a 10-bit resolution result. ADCRH can be read by an 8-bit memory manipulation instruction. Reset signal generation makes ADCRH undefined.
Page 169: A/D Converter Operations
CHAPTER 10 A/D CONVERTER 10.4 A/D Converter Operations 10.4.1 Basic operations of A/D converter <1> Set ADCE to 1. <2> Select one channel for A/D conversion using the analog input channel specification register (ADS), and select the conversion time using FR2 to FR0. <3>...
Page 170 CHAPTER 10 A/D CONVERTER Figure 10-10. Basic Operation of A/D Converter Conversion time Sampling time A/D converter Sampling A/D conversion operation Conversion Undefined result ADCR, Conversion ADCRH result INTAD A/D conversion operations are performed continuously until bit 7 (ADCS) of the A/D converter mode register (ADM) is reset (0) by software.
Page 171: Input Voltage And Conversion Results
CHAPTER 10 A/D CONVERTER 10.4.2 Input voltage and conversion results The relationship between the analog input voltage input to the analog input pins (ANI0 to ANI3) and the theoretical A/D conversion result (stored in the 10-bit A/D conversion result register (ADCR)) is shown by the following expression.
Page 172: A/D Converter Operation Mode
CHAPTER 10 A/D CONVERTER 10.4.3 A/D converter operation mode The operation mode of the A/D converter is the select mode. One channel of analog input is selected from ANI0 to ANI3 by the analog input channel specification register (ADS) and A/D conversion is executed. (1) A/D conversion operation By setting bit 7 (ADCS) of the A/D converter mode register (ADM) to 1, the A/D conversion operation of the voltage, which is applied to the analog input pin specified by the analog input channel specification register...
Page 173 CHAPTER 10 A/D CONVERTER The setting method is described below. <1> Set bit 0 (ADCE) of the A/D converter mode register (ADM) to 1. <2> Select the channel and conversion time using bits 1 and 0 (ADS1, ADS0) of the analog input channel specification register (ADS) and bits 5 to 3 (FR2 to FR0) of ADM.
Page 174: How To Read A/D Converter Characteristics Table
CHAPTER 10 A/D CONVERTER 10.5 How to Read A/D Converter Characteristics Table Here, special terms unique to the A/D converter are explained. (1) Resolution This is the minimum analog input voltage that can be identified. That is, the percentage of the analog input voltage per bit of digital output is called 1LSB (Least Significant Bit).
Page 175 CHAPTER 10 A/D CONVERTER (5) Full-scale error This shows the difference between the actual measurement value of the analog input voltage and the theoretical value (Full-scale − 3/2LSB) when the digital output changes from 1..110 to 1..111. (6) Integral linearity error This shows the degree to which the conversion characteristics deviate from the ideal linear relationship.
Page 176: Cautions For A/D Converter
CHAPTER 10 A/D CONVERTER 10.6 Cautions for A/D Converter <R> (1) Operating current in STOP mode To satisfy the DC characteristics of the supply current in the STOP mode, clear bit 7 (ADCS) and bit 0 (ADCE) of the A/D converter mode register (ADM) to 0 before executing the STOP instruction. (2) Input range of ANI0 to ANI3 Observe the rated range of the ANI0 to ANI3 input voltage.
Page 177 CHAPTER 10 A/D CONVERTER (5) ANI0/P20 to ANI3/P23 <1> The analog input pins (ANI0 to ANI3) are also used as I/O port pins (P20 to P23). When A/D conversion is performed with any of ANI0 to ANI3 selected, do not access port 2 (P20 to P23) while conversion is in progress;...
Page 178 CHAPTER 10 A/D CONVERTER (8) Conversion results just after A/D conversion start The first A/D conversion value immediately after A/D conversion starts may not fall within the rating range if the μ ADCS bit is set to 1 within 1 s after the ADCE bit was set to 1, or if the ADCS bit is set to 1 with the ADCE bit = 0.
Page 179: Chapter 11 Serial Interface Uart6
CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 11.1 Functions of Serial Interface UART6 Serial interface UART6 has the following two modes. (1) Operation stop mode This mode is used when serial communication is not executed and can enable a reduction in the power consumption.
Page 180 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 Remark LIN stands for Local Interconnect Network and is a low-speed (1 to 20 kbps) serial communication protocol intended to aid the cost reduction of an automotive network. LIN communication is single-master communication, and up to 15 slaves can be connected to one master.
Page 181 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 Figure 11-2. LIN Reception Operation Wakeup Synchronous Synchronous Identifier Data field Data field Checksum signal frame break field field field field LIN bus 13 bits Data Data Data reception reception reception reception reception SBF reception <5>...
Page 182 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 Figure 11-3. Port Configuration for LIN Reception Operation Selector P44/R RXD6 input Port mode (PM44) Output latch (P44) Selector Selector P30/INTP0/TI000 INTP0 input Port mode Port input (PM30) selection control (ISC0) Output latch <ISC0> (P30) 0: Selects INTP0 (P30).
Page 183: Configuration Of Serial Interface Uart6
CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 11.2 Configuration of Serial Interface UART6 Serial interface UART6 consists of the following hardware. Table 11-1. Configuration of Serial Interface UART6 Item Configuration Registers Receive buffer register 6 (RXB6) Receive shift register 6 (RXS6) Transmit buffer register 6 (TXB6) Transmit shift register 6 (TXS6) Control registers Asynchronous serial interface operation mode register 6 (ASIM6)
Page 184 Figure 11-4. Block Diagram of Serial Interface UART6 Note TI000, INTP0 Filter INTSR6 Reception control INTSRE6 Receive shift register 6 (RXS6) Asynchronous serial Asynchronous serial Baud rate Asynchronous serial interface Receive buffer register 6 interface operation mode interface reception error control register 6 (ASICL6) generator (RXB6)
Page 185 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 (1) Receive buffer register 6 (RXB6) This 8-bit register stores parallel data converted by receive shift register 6 (RXS6). Each time 1 byte of data has been received, new receive data is transferred to this register from receive shift register 6 (RXS6).
Page 186: Registers Controlling Serial Interface Uart6
CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 11.3 Registers Controlling Serial Interface UART6 Serial interface UART6 is controlled by the following nine registers. • Asynchronous serial interface operation mode register 6 (ASIM6) • Asynchronous serial interface reception error status register 6 (ASIS6) •...
Page 187 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 Figure 11-5. Format of Asynchronous Serial Interface Operation Mode Register 6 (ASIM6) (2/2) Note 1 TXE6 Enabling/disabling transmission Disable transmission (synchronously reset the transmission circuit). Enable transmission Note 2 RXE6 Enabling/disabling reception Disable reception (synchronously reset the reception circuit). Enable reception PS61 PS60...
Page 188 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 <R> Cautions 2. At startup, reception enable status is entered after having set POWER6 to 1, then setting RXE6 to 1, and one clock of the base clock (f ) has elapsed. When stopping reception XCLK6 operation, set POWER6 to 0 after having set RXE6 to 0.
Page 189 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 (3) Asynchronous serial interface transmission status register 6 (ASIF6) This register indicates the status of transmission by serial interface UART6. It includes two status flag bits (TXBF6 and TXSF6). Transmission can be continued without disruption even during an interrupt period, by writing the next data to the TXB6 register after data has been transferred from the TXB6 register to the TXS6 register.
Page 190 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 (4) Clock selection register 6 (CKSR6) This register selects the base clock of serial interface UART6. CKSR6 can be set by an 8-bit memory manipulation instruction. Reset signal generation clears this register to 00H. Remark CKSR6 can be refreshed (the same value is written) by software during a communication operation (when bit 7 (POWER6) and bit 6 (TXE6) of ASIM6 = 1 or bit 7 (POWER6) and bit 5 (RXE6) of ASIM6 = 1).
Page 191 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 (5) Baud rate generator control register 6 (BRGC6) This register sets the division value of the 8-bit counter of serial interface UART6. BRGC6 can be set by an 8-bit memory manipulation instruction. Generation of reset signal sets this register to FFH. Remark BRGC6 can be refreshed (the same value is written) by software during a communication operation (when bit 7 (POWER6) and bit 6 (TXE6) of ASIM6 = 1 or bit 7 (POWER6) and bit 5 (RXE6) of ASIM6 = 1).
Page 192 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 (6) Asynchronous serial interface control register 6 (ASICL6) This register controls the serial communication operations of serial interface UART6. ASICL6 can be set by a 1-bit or 8-bit memory manipulation instruction. Generation of reset signal sets this register to 16H. <R>...
Page 193 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 Figure 11-10. Format of Asynchronous Serial Interface Control Register 6 (ASICL6) (2/2) SBL62 SBL61 SBL60 SBF transmission output width control SBF is output with 13-bit length. SBF is output with 14-bit length. SBF is output with 15-bit length. SBF is output with 16-bit length.
Page 194 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 (7) Input switch control register (ISC) The input switch control register (ISC) is used to receive a status signal transmitted from the master during LIN (Local Interconnect Network) reception. By setting 1 to ISC0 and ISC1, the input source to INTP0 and TI000 switches to the input signal from the P44/RxD6 pin.
Page 195: Operation Of Serial Interface Uart6
CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 11.4 Operation of Serial Interface UART6 Serial interface UART6 has the following two modes. • Operation stop mode • Asynchronous serial interface (UART) mode 11.4.1 Operation stop mode In this mode, serial communication cannot be executed; therefore, the power consumption can be reduced. In addition, the pins can be used as ordinary port pins in this mode.
Page 196: Asynchronous Serial Interface (Uart) Mode
CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 11.4.2 Asynchronous serial interface (UART) mode In this mode, data of 1 byte is transmitted/received following a start bit, and a full-duplex operation can be performed. A dedicated UART baud rate generator is incorporated, so that communication can be executed at a wide range of baud rates.
Page 197 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 The relationship between the register settings and pins is shown below. Table 11-2. Relationship Between Register Settings and Pins POWER6 TXE6 RXE6 PM43 PM44 UART6 Pin Function Operation TxD6/INTP1/P43 RxD6/P44 Note Note Note Note × ×...
Page 198 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 (2) Communication operation (a) Format and waveform example of normal transmit/receive data Figures 11-13 and 11-14 show the format and waveform example of the normal transmit/receive data. Figure 11-13. Format of Normal UART Transmit/Receive Data 1.
Page 199 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 Figure 11-14. Example of Normal UART Transmit/Receive Data Waveform 1. Data length: 8 bits, LSB first, Parity: Even parity, Stop bit: 1 bit, Communication data: 55H 1 data frame Start Parity Stop 2. Data length: 8 bits, MSB first, Parity: Even parity, Stop bit: 1 bit, Communication data: 55H 1 data frame Start Parity...
Page 200 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 (b) Parity types and operation The parity bit is used to detect a bit error in communication data. Usually, the same type of parity bit is used on both the transmission and reception sides. With even parity and odd parity, a 1-bit (odd number) error can be detected.
Page 201 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 (c) Normal transmission When bit 7 (POWER6) of asynchronous serial interface operation mode register 6 (ASIM6) is set to 1, and <R> then bit 6 (TXE6) of ASIM6 is set to 1 after one clock of the base clock (f ) has elapsed, transmission XCLK6 enable status is entered.
Page 202 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 (d) Continuous transmission The next transmit data can be written to transmit buffer register 6 (TXB6) as soon as transmit shift register 6 (TXS6) has started its shift operation. Consequently, even while the INTST6 interrupt is being serviced after transmission of one data frame, data can be continuously transmitted and an efficient communication rate <R>...
Page 203 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 Figure 11-16 shows an example of the continuous transmission processing flow. Figure 11-16. Example of Continuous Transmission Processing Flow Set registers. Write TXB6. Transfer executed necessary number of times? Read ASIF6 TXBF6 = 0? Write TXB6. Transmission completion interrupt occurred?
Page 204 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 Figure 11-17 shows the timing of starting continuous transmission, and Figure 11-18 shows the timing of ending continuous transmission. Figure 11-17. Timing of Starting Continuous Transmission Start Data (1) Parity Stop Start Data (2) Parity Stop Start INTST6...
Page 205 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 Figure 11-18. Timing of Ending Continuous Transmission Data (n − 1) Start Start Parity Data (n) Parity Stop Stop Stop INTST6 Data (n − 1) TXB6 Data (n) Data (n − 1) TXS6 Data (n) TXBF6 TXSF6 POWER6 or TXE6...
Page 206 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 (e) Normal reception Reception is enabled and the R D6 pin input is sampled when bit 7 (POWER6) of asynchronous serial interface operation mode register 6 (ASIM6) is set to 1 and then bit 5 (RXE6) of ASIM6 is set to 1. The 8-bit counter of the baud rate generator starts counting when the falling edge of the R D6 pin input is detected.
Page 207 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 (f) Reception error Three types of errors may occur during reception: a parity error, framing error, or overrun error. If the error flag of asynchronous serial interface reception error status register 6 (ASIS6) is set as a result of data reception, a reception error interrupt request (INTSR6/INTSRE6) is generated.
Page 208 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 (g) Noise filter of receive data The R D6 signal is sampled with the base clock (f ) output by the prescaler block. XCLK6 If two sampled values are the same, the output of the match detector changes, and the data is sampled as input data.
Page 209 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 SBF reception When the interface is used in LIN communication operation, the SBF (Synchronous Break Field) reception control function is used for reception. For the reception operation of LIN, see Figure 11-2 LIN Reception Operation. Reception is enabled when bit 7 (POWER6) of asynchronous serial interface operation mode register 6 (ASIM6) is set to 1 and then bit 5 (RXE6) of ASIM6 is set to 1.
Page 210: Dedicated Baud Rate Generator
CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 11.4.3 Dedicated baud rate generator The dedicated baud rate generator consists of a source clock selector and an 8-bit programmable counter, and generates a serial clock for transmission/reception of UART6. Separate 8-bit counters are provided for transmission and reception. (1) Configuration of baud rate generator •...
Page 211 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 Figure 11-24. Configuration of Baud Rate Generator POWER6 Baud rate generator POWER6, TXE6 (or RXE6) Selector 8-bit counter XCLK6 (Base clock) Match detector Baud rate CKSR6: TPS63 to TPS60 BRGC6: MDL67 to MDL60 Remark POWER6: Bit 7 of asynchronous serial interface operation mode register 6 (ASIM6) TXE6: Bit 6 of ASIM6 RXE6:...
Page 212 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 (2) Generation of serial clock A serial clock can be generated by using clock selection register 6 (CKSR6) and baud rate generator control register 6 (BRGC6). Select the clock to be input to the 8-bit counter by using bits 3 to 0 (TPS63 to TPS60) of CKSR6. Bits 7 to 0 (MDL67 to MDL60) of BRGC6 can be used to select the division value of the 8-bit counter.
Page 213 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 (3) Example of setting baud rate Table 11-4. Set Data of Baud Rate Generator Baud Rate = 10.0 MHz = 8.38 MHz = 4.19 MHz [bps] TPS63 to Calculated ERR[%] TPS63 to Calculated ERR[%] TPS63 to Calculated ERR[%] TPS60...
Page 214 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 (4) Permissible baud rate range during reception The permissible error from the baud rate at the transmission destination during reception is shown below. Caution Make sure that the baud rate error during reception is within the permissible error range, by using the calculation expression shown below.
Page 215 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 k − 2 21k + 2 Minimum permissible data frame length: FLmin = 11 × FL − × FL = Therefore, the maximum receivable baud rate at the transmission source is as follows. − BRmax = (FLmin/11) Brate 21k + 2 Similarly, the maximum permissible data frame length can be calculated as follows.
Page 216 CHAPTER 11 SERIAL INTERFACE UART6 (5) Data frame length during continuous transmission When data is continuously transmitted, the data frame length from a stop bit to the next start bit is extended by two clocks of the base clock (f ) from the normal value.
Page 217: Chapter 12 Multiplier
CHAPTER 12 MULTIPLIER 12.1 Multiplier Function The multiplier has the following function. • Calculation of 8 bits × 8 bits = 16 bits 12.2 Multiplier Configuration (1) 16-bit multiplication result storage register 0 (MUL0) This register stores the 16-bit result of multiplication. This register holds the result of multiplication after 16 CPU clocks have elapsed.
Page 218 CHAPTER 12 MULTIPLIER Figure 12-1. Block Diagram of Multiplier Internal bus Multiplication data Multiplication data register A (MRA0) register B (MRB0) Counter value CPU clock Selector 3-bit counter Start Clear 16-bit adder 16-bit multiplication result storage register 0 (Master) (MUL0) 16-bit multiplication result storage register 0 (Slave) Reset...
Page 219: Multiplier Control Register
CHAPTER 12 MULTIPLIER 12.3 Multiplier Control Register The multiplier is controlled by the following register. • Multiplier control register 0 (MULC0) (1) Multiplier control register 0 (MULC0) This register indicates the operating status of the multiplier after operation, as well as controls the multiplier. MULC0 can be set by a 1-bit or 8-bit memory manipulation instruction.
Page 220: Multiplier Operation
CHAPTER 12 MULTIPLIER 12.4 Multiplier Operation The multiplier of the 78K0S/KB1+ can execute the calculation of 8 bits × 8 bits = 16 bits. Figure 12-3 shows the operation timing of the multiplier where MRA0 is set to AAH and MRB0 is set to D3H. <1>...
Page 221 CHAPTER 12 MULTIPLIER ;============================================================== The example of multiplier use ;============================================================== M_DATA_A 0FE80H ; Address A for multipliers M_DATA_B 0FE90H ; Address B for multipliers ; A setup for operation M_DATA_A, #0AAH M_DATA_B, #0D3H ; Multiplication of M_DATA_A and M_DATA_B A, M_DATA_A MRA0, A A, M_DATA_B MRB0, A...
Page 222: Chapter 13 Interrupt Functions
CHAPTER 13 INTERRUPT FUNCTIONS 13.1 Interrupt Function Types There are two types of interrupts: maskable interrupts and resets. • Maskable interrupts These interrupts undergo mask control. When an interrupt request occurs, the standby release signal occurs, and if an interrupt can be acknowledged then the program corresponding to the address written in the vector table address is executed (vector interrupt servicing).
Page 223: Interrupt Sources And Configuration
CHAPTER 13 INTERRUPT FUNCTIONS 13.2 Interrupt Sources and Configuration There are a total of 13 maskable interrupt sources, and up to four reset sources (see Table 13-1). Table 13-1. Interrupt Sources Note 1 Interrupt Type Priority Interrupt Source Internal/ Vector Table Basic External Address...
Page 224 CHAPTER 13 INTERRUPT FUNCTIONS Figure 13-1. Basic Configuration of Interrupt Function (A) Internal maskable interrupt Internal bus Vector table address generator Interrupt request Standby release signal (B) External maskable interrupt Internal bus External interrupt mode registers 0,1 (INTM0, INTM1) Vector table address generator Edge Interrupt...
Page 225: Interrupt Function Control Registers
CHAPTER 13 INTERRUPT FUNCTIONS 13.3 Interrupt Function Control Registers The interrupt functions are controlled by the following four types of registers. • Interrupt request flag registers 0, 1 (IF0, IF1) • Interrupt mask flag registers 0, 1 (MK0, MK1) • External interrupt mode registers 0, 1 (INTM0, INTM1) •...
Page 226 CHAPTER 13 INTERRUPT FUNCTIONS Interrupt request flag registers 0, 1 (IF0, IF1) An interrupt request flag is set to 1 when the corresponding interrupt request is issued, or when the instruction is executed. It is cleared to 0 by executing an instruction when the interrupt request is acknowledged or when a reset signal is generated.
Page 227 CHAPTER 13 INTERRUPT FUNCTIONS Interrupt mask flag registers 0, 1 (MK0, MK1) The interrupt mask flag is used to enable and disable the corresponding maskable interrupts. MK0 and MK1 are set with a 1-bit or 8-bit memory manipulation instruction. Generation of reset signal sets MK0 and MK1 to FFH. Figure 13-3.
Page 228 CHAPTER 13 INTERRUPT FUNCTIONS External interrupt mode register 0 (INTM0) This register is used to set the valid edge of INTP0 to INTP2. INTM0 is set with an 8-bit memory manipulation instruction. Reset signal generation clears INTM0 to 00H. Figure 13-4. Format of External Interrupt Mode Register 0 (INTM0) Address: FFECH After reset: 00H Symbol...
Page 229 CHAPTER 13 INTERRUPT FUNCTIONS External interrupt mode register 1 (INTM1) INTM1 is used to specify the valid edge for INTP3. INTM1 is set with an 8-bit memory manipulation instruction. Reset signal generation clears INTM1 to 00H. Figure 13-5. Format of External Interrupt Mode Register 1 (INTM1) Address: FFEDH After reset: 00H Symbol...
Page 230: Interrupt Servicing Operation
CHAPTER 13 INTERRUPT FUNCTIONS 13.4 Interrupt Servicing Operation 13.4.1 Maskable interrupt request acknowledgment operation A maskable interrupt request can be acknowledged when the interrupt request flag is set to 1 and the corresponding interrupt mask flag is cleared to 0. If the interrupt enabled status is in effect (when the IE flag is set to 1), then the request is acknowledged as a vector interrupt.
Page 231 CHAPTER 13 INTERRUPT FUNCTIONS Figure 13-7. Interrupt Request Acknowledgment Processing Algorithm Start ××IF = 1? Yes (Interrupt request generated) ××MK = 0? Interrupt request pending IE = 1? Interrupt request pending Vectored interrupt servicing ××IF: Interrupt request flag ××MK: Interrupt mask flag Flag to control maskable interrupt request acknowledgment (1 = enable, 0 = disable) Figure 13-8.
Page 232: Multiple Interrupt Servicing
CHAPTER 13 INTERRUPT FUNCTIONS Figure 13-9. Interrupt Request Acknowledgment Timing (When Interrupt Request Flag Is Set at Last Clock During Instruction Execution) 8 clocks Clock Interrupt Saving PSW and PC, jump servicing MOV A, r to interrupt servicing program Interrupt If an interrupt request flag (××IF) is set at the last clock of the instruction, the interrupt acknowledgment processing starts after the next instruction is executed.
Page 233 CHAPTER 13 INTERRUPT FUNCTIONS Figure 13-10. Example of Multiple Interrupts (1/2) Example 1. Multiple interrupts are acknowledged INTxx servicing INTyy servicing Main processing IE = 0 IE = 0 INTxx INTyy RETI RETI During interrupt INTxx servicing, interrupt request INTyy is acknowledged, and multiple interrupts are generated. Before each interrupt request acknowledgment, the EI instruction is issued, the interrupt mask is released, and the interrupt request acknowledgment enable state is set.
Page 234: Interrupt Request Pending
CHAPTER 13 INTERRUPT FUNCTIONS Figure 13-10. Example of Multiple Interrupts (2/2) Example 3. A priority is controlled by the multiple interrupts The vector interrupt enable state is set for INTP0, INTP1, and INTTMH1. (Interrupt priority INTP0 > INTP1 > INTTMH1 (refer to Table13-1)) INTTNH1 servicing Main processing INTP1 servicing...
Page 235: Chapter 14 Standby Function
CHAPTER 14 STANDBY FUNCTION 14.1 Standby Function and Configuration 14.1.1 Standby function Table 14-1. Relationship Between Operation Clocks in Each Operation Status Status Low-Speed Internal Oscillator System Clock Clock Supplied to Peripheral Note 1 Note 2 Hardware Operation Mode LSRSTOP = 0 LSRSTOP = 1 Reset Stopped...
Page 236 CHAPTER 14 STANDBY FUNCTION (2) STOP mode STOP instruction execution sets the STOP mode. In the STOP mode, the system clock oscillator stops, stopping the whole system, thereby considerably reducing the CPU operating current. Because this mode can be cleared by an interrupt request, it enables intermittent operations to be carried out. However, select the HALT mode if processing must be immediately started by an interrupt request when the Note operation stop time...
Page 237: Registers Used During Standby
CHAPTER 14 STANDBY FUNCTION 14.1.2 Registers used during standby The oscillation stabilization time after the standby mode is released is controlled by the oscillation stabilization time select register (OSTS). Remark For the registers that start, stop, or select the clock, see CHAPTER 5 CLOCK GENERATORS. (1) Oscillation stabilization time select register (OSTS) This register is used to select oscillation stabilization time of the clock supplied from the oscillator when the STOP mode is released.
Page 238: Standby Function Operation
CHAPTER 14 STANDBY FUNCTION 14.2 Standby Function Operation 14.2.1 HALT mode (1) HALT mode The HALT mode is set by executing the HALT instruction. The operating statuses in the HALT mode are shown below. Caution Because an interrupt request signal is used to clear the standby mode, if there is an interrupt source with the interrupt request flag set and the interrupt mask flag clear, the standby mode is immediately cleared if set.
Page 239 CHAPTER 14 STANDBY FUNCTION (2) HALT mode release The HALT mode can be released by the following two sources. (a) Release by unmasked interrupt request When an unmasked interrupt request is generated, the HALT mode is released. If interrupt acknowledgment is enabled, vectored interrupt servicing is carried out. If interrupt acknowledgment is disabled, the next address instruction is executed.
Page 240 CHAPTER 14 STANDBY FUNCTION (b) Release by reset signal generation When the reset signal is generated, HALT mode is released, and then, as in the case with a normal reset operation, the program is executed after branching to the reset vector address. Figure 14-3.
Page 241: Stop Mode
CHAPTER 14 STANDBY FUNCTION 14.2.2 STOP mode (1) STOP mode setting and operating statuses The STOP mode is set by executing the STOP instruction. Caution Because an interrupt request signal is used to clear the standby mode, if there is an interrupt source with the interrupt request flag set and the interrupt mask flag reset, the standby mode is immediately cleared if set.
Page 242 CHAPTER 14 STANDBY FUNCTION (2) STOP mode release Figure 14-4. Operation Timing When STOP Mode Is Released <1> If high-speed internal oscillation clock or external input clock is selected as system clock to be supplied STOP mode is released. STOP mode System clock oscillation CPU clock...
Page 243 CHAPTER 14 STANDBY FUNCTION (a) Release by unmasked interrupt request Note When an unmasked interrupt request (8-bit timer H1 , low-voltage detector, external interrupt request) is generated, the STOP mode is released. After the oscillation stabilization time has elapsed, if interrupt acknowledgment is enabled, vectored interrupt servicing is carried out.
Page 244 CHAPTER 14 STANDBY FUNCTION (b) Release by reset signal generation When the reset signal is generated, STOP mode is released and a reset operation is performed after the oscillation stabilization time has elapsed. Figure 14-6. STOP Mode Release by Reset Signal Generation (1) If CPU clock is high-speed internal oscillation clock or external input clock STOP instruction...
Page 245: Chapter 15 Reset Function
CHAPTER 15 RESET FUNCTION The following four operations are available to generate a reset signal. (1) External reset input via RESET pin (2) Internal reset by watchdog timer overflows (3) Internal reset by comparison of supply voltage and detection voltage of power-on-clear (POC) circuit (4) Internal reset by comparison of supply voltage and detection voltage of low-power-supply detector (LVI) External and internal resets have no functional differences.
Page 246 CHAPTER 15 RESET FUNCTION Figure 15-1. Block Diagram of Reset Function Internal bus Reset control flag register (RESF) WDTRF LVIRF Clear Reset signal of WDT Clear Reset signal to LVIM/LVIS register RESET Reset signal of POC Internal reset signal Reset signal of LVI Caution The LVI circuit is not reset by the internal reset signal of the LVI circuit.
Page 247 CHAPTER 15 RESET FUNCTION Figure 15-2. Timing of Reset by RESET Input <1> With high-speed internal oscillation clock or external clock input High-speed internal oscillation clock or external clock input Normal operation Reset period CPU clock Normal operation (reset processing, CPU clock) in progress (oscillation stops) RESET...
Page 248 CHAPTER 15 RESET FUNCTION Figure 15-3. Timing of Reset by Overflow of Watchdog Timer <1> With high-speed internal oscillation clock or external clock input High-speed internal oscillation clock or external clock input Normal operation Reset period Normal operation (reset processing, CPU clock) CPU clock (oscillation stops) in progress...
Page 249 CHAPTER 15 RESET FUNCTION Figure 15-4. Reset Timing by RESET Input in STOP Mode <1> With high-speed internal oscillation clock or external clock input STOP instruction is executed. High-speed internal oscillation clock or external clock input Normal Reset period Stop status Normal operation (reset processing, CPU clock) operation CPU clock...
Page 250 CHAPTER 15 RESET FUNCTION Remarks 1. For the reset timing of the power-on-clear circuit and low-voltage detector, refer to CHAPTER 16 POWER-ON-CLEAR CIRCUIT and CHAPTER 17 LOW-VOLTAGE DETECTOR. 2. f : System clock oscillation frequency 3. When reset is effected, P130 outputs a low level. If P130 is set to output a high level before reset is effected, the output signal of P130 can be dummy-output as the reset signal to the CPU.
Page 251 CHAPTER 15 RESET FUNCTION Table 15-1. Hardware Statuses After Reset Acknowledgment (2/2) Hardware Status After Reset Serial interface UART6 Receive buffer register 6 (RXB6) Transmit buffer register 6 (TXB6) Asynchronous serial interface operation mode register 6 (ASIM6) Asynchronous serial interface reception error status register 6 (ASIS6) Asynchronous serial interface transmission error status register 6 (ASIF6)
Page 252: Register For Confirming Reset Source
CHAPTER 15 RESET FUNCTION 15.1 Register for Confirming Reset Source Many internal reset generation sources exist in the 78K0S/KB1+. The reset control flag register (RESF) is used to store which source has generated the reset request. RESF can be read by an 8-bit memory manipulation instruction. Reset signal generation by RESET input or power-on-clear (POC) circuit, and reading RESF clear RESF to 00H.
Page 253: Chapter 16 Power-On-Clear Circuit
CHAPTER 16 POWER-ON-CLEAR CIRCUIT 16.1 Functions of Power-on-Clear Circuit The power-on-clear circuit (POC) has the following functions. • Generates internal reset signal at power on. • Compares supply voltage (V = 2.1 V ±0.1 V), and generates internal reset signal ) and detection voltage (V when V <...
Page 254: Configuration Of Power-On-Clear Circuit
CHAPTER 16 POWER-ON-CLEAR CIRCUIT 16.2 Configuration of Power-on-Clear Circuit The block diagram of the power-on-clear circuit is shown in Figure 16-1. Figure 16-1. Block Diagram of Power-on-Clear Circuit Internal reset signal − Reference voltage source 16.3 Operation of Power-on-Clear Circuit = 2.1 V ±0.1 V) are compared, In the power-on-clear circuit, the supply voltage (V ) and detection voltage (V...
Page 255: Cautions For Power-On-Clear Circuit
CHAPTER 16 POWER-ON-CLEAR CIRCUIT 16.4 Cautions for Power-on-Clear Circuit In a system where the supply voltage (V ) fluctuates for a certain period in the vicinity of the POC detection voltage (V ), the system may be repeatedly reset and released from the reset status. In this case, the time from release of reset to the start of the operation of the microcontroller can be arbitrarily set by taking the following action.
Page 256 CHAPTER 16 POWER-ON-CLEAR CIRCUIT Figure 16-3. Example of Software Processing After Release of Reset (2/2) • Checking reset cause Check reset source WDTRF of RESF register = 1? Reset processing by watchdog timer LVIRF of RESF register = 1? Reset processing by low-voltage detector Power-on-clear/external reset generated...
Page 257: Chapter 17 Low-Voltage Detector
CHAPTER 17 LOW-VOLTAGE DETECTOR 17.1 Functions of Low-Voltage Detector The low-voltage detector (LVI) has following functions. • Compares supply voltage (V ) and detection voltage (V ), and generates an internal interrupt signal or internal reset signal when V < V •...
Page 258: Registers Controlling Low-Voltage Detector
CHAPTER 17 LOW-VOLTAGE DETECTOR 17.3 Registers Controlling Low-Voltage Detector The low-voltage detector is controlled by the following registers. • Low-voltage detect register (LVIM) • Low-voltage detection level select register (LVIS) (1) Low-voltage detect register (LVIM) This register sets low-voltage detection and the operation mode. This register can be set by a 1-bit or 8-bit memory manipulation instruction.
Page 259 CHAPTER 17 LOW-VOLTAGE DETECTOR (2) Low-voltage detection level select register (LVIS) This register selects the low-voltage detection level. This register can be set by an 8-bit memory manipulation instruction. Note Reset signal generation clears this register to 00H Figure 17-3. Format of Low-Voltage Detection Level Select Register (LVIS) Note Address: FF51H, After reset: 00H Symbol...
Page 260: Operation Of Low-Voltage Detector
CHAPTER 17 LOW-VOLTAGE DETECTOR 17.4 Operation of Low-Voltage Detector The low-voltage detector can be used in the following two modes. • Used as reset Compares the supply voltage (V ) and detection voltage (V ), and generates an internal reset signal when ≥...
Page 261 CHAPTER 17 LOW-VOLTAGE DETECTOR Figure 17-4. Timing of Low-Voltage Detector Internal Reset Signal Generation Supply voltage (V LVI detection voltage POC detection voltage <2> Time LVIMK flag (set by software) <1> Note 1 LVION flag Not cleared Not cleared (set by software) <3>...
Page 262 CHAPTER 17 LOW-VOLTAGE DETECTOR (2) When used as interrupt • When starting operation <1> Mask the LVI interrupt (LVIMK = 1). <2> Set the detection voltage using bits 3 to 0 (LVIS3 to LVIS0) of the low-voltage detection level select register (LVIS).
Page 263: Cautions For Low-Voltage Detector
CHAPTER 17 LOW-VOLTAGE DETECTOR 17.5 Cautions for Low-Voltage Detector In a system where the supply voltage (V ) fluctuates for a certain period in the vicinity of the LVI detection voltage ), the operation is as follows depending on how the low-voltage detector is used. <1>...
Page 264 CHAPTER 17 LOW-VOLTAGE DETECTOR Figure 17-6. Example of Software Processing After Release of Reset (1/2) • If supply voltage fluctuation is 50 ms or less in vicinity of LVI detection voltage Reset Note ; Check reset source Initialization Initialization of ports processing <1>...
Page 265 CHAPTER 17 LOW-VOLTAGE DETECTOR Figure 17-6. Example of Software Processing After Release of Reset (2/2) • Checking reset source Check reset source WDTRF of RESF register = 1? Reset processing by watchdog timer LVIRF of RESF register = 1? Power-on-clear/external reset generated Reset processing by low-voltage detector...
Page 266: Chapter 18 Option Byte
CHAPTER 18 OPTION BYTE 18.1 Functions of Option Byte The address 0080H of the flash memory of the 78K0S/KB1+ is an option byte area. When power is supplied or when starting after a reset, the option byte is automatically referenced, and settings for the specified functions are performed.
Page 267: Format Of Option Byte
CHAPTER 18 OPTION BYTE 18.2 Format of Option Byte Format of option bytes is shown below. Figure 18-2. Format of Option Byte (1/2) Address: 0080H DEFOSTS1 DEFOSTS0 RMCE OSCSEL1 OSCSEL0 LIOCP DEFOSTS1 DEFOSTS0 Oscillation stabilization time on power application or after reset release μ...
Page 268: Caution When The Reset Pin Is Used As An Input-Only Port Pin (P34)
CHAPTER 18 OPTION BYTE Figure 18-2. Format of Option Byte (2/2) LIOCP Low-speed internal oscillates Cannot be stopped (oscillation does not stop even if 1 is written to the LSRSTOP bit) Can be stopped by software (oscillation stops when 1 is written to the LSRSTOP bit) Cautions 1.
Page 269: Chapter 19 Flash Memory
CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY 19.1 Features The internal flash memory of the 78K0S/KB1+ has the following features. Erase/write even without preparing a separate dedicated power supply Capacity: 4 KB/8 KB • Erase unit: 1 block (256 bytes) • Write unit: 1 block (at on-board/off-board programming time), 1 byte (at self programming time) Rewriting method •...
Page 270: Memory Configuration
CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY 19.2 Memory Configuration The 4/8 KB internal flash memory area is divided into 16/32 blocks and can be programmed/erased in block units. All the blocks can also be erased at once, by using a dedicated flash memory programmer. Figure 19-1.
Page 271: Functional Outline
CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY 19.3 Functional Outline The internal flash memory of the 78K0S/KB1+ can be rewritten by using the rewrite function of the dedicated flash memory programmer, regardless of whether the 78K0S/KB1+ has already been mounted on the target system or not (on-board/off-board programming).
Page 272: Writing With Flash Memory Programmer
CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY 19.4 Writing with Flash Memory Programmer The following two types of dedicated flash memory programmers can be used for writing data to the internal flash memory of the 78K0S/KB1+. • FlashPro4 (PG-FP4, FL-PR4) • PG-FPL2 Data can be written to the flash memory on-board or off-board, by using a dedicated flash memory programmer. (1) On-board programming The contents of the flash memory can be rewritten after the 78K0S/KB1+ has been mounted on the target system.
Page 273: Programming Environment
CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY 19.5 Programming Environment The environment required for writing a program to the flash memory is illustrated below. Figure 19-2. Environment for Writing Program to Flash Memory (FlashPro4) FlashPro4 RESET RS-232-C Axxxx Bxxxxx Cxxxxxx SI/RxD STATVE PG-FP4 SO/TxD Host machine Dedicated flash...
Page 274 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY Figure 19-4. Communication with FlashPro4 FlashPro4 signal name FLMD0 SI/RxD SO/TxD /RESET 78K0S/KB1+ Table 19-3. Wiring Between 78K0S/KB1+ and PG-FPL2 PG-FPL2 Connection Pin 78K0S/KB1+ Connection Pin Pin Name Pin Function Pin Name Pin No. Output Clock to 78K0S/KB1+ X1/P121 DGDATA Transmit/receive signal, on-board mode signal...
Page 275: Pin Connection On Board
CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY 19.6 Pin Connection on Board To write the flash memory on-board, connectors that connect the dedicated flash memory programmer must be provided on the target system. First provide a function that selects the normal operation mode or flash memory programming mode on the board.
Page 276: Reset Pin
CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY Figure 19-7. PG-FP4 GUI Software Setting Example Set oscillation frequency Click (Standard tab in Device setup window) (Main window) Table 19-5. Oscillation Frequency and PG-FP4 GUI Software Setting Value Example Oscillation Frequency PG-FP4 GUI Software Setting Value Example (Communication Frequency) 1 MHz ≤...
Page 277: Port Pins
CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY Figure 19-8. Signal Collision (RESET Pin) 78K0S/KB1+ Dedicated flash memory programmer Signal collision connection signal RESET Reset signal generator Output pin In the flash memory programming mode, the signal output by the reset signal generator collides with the signal output by the dedicated flash memory programmer.
Page 278: On-Board And Off-Board Flash Memory Programming
CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY 19.7 On-Board and Off-Board Flash Memory Programming 19.7.1 Flash memory programming mode To rewrite the contents of the flash memory by using the dedicated flash memory programmer, set the 78K0S/KB1+ in the flash memory programming mode. When the 78K0S/KB1+ is connected to the flash memory programmer and a communication command is transmitted to the microcontroller, the microcontroller is set in the flash memory programming mode.
Page 279: Security Settings
CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY Table 19-7. Response Name Response Name Function Acknowledges command/data. Acknowledges illegal command/data. 19.7.3 Security settings The operations shown below can be prohibited using the security setting command. • Batch erase (chip erase) is prohibited Execution of the block erase and batch erase (chip erase) commands for entire blocks in the flash memory is prohibited.
Page 280: Flash Memory Programming By Self Writing
CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY Table 19-9 shows the relationship between the security setting and the operation in each programming mode. Table 19-9. Relationship Between Security Setting and Operation In Each Programming Mode Programming Mode On-Board/Off-Board Programming Self Programming Security Setting Security Setting Security Operation Security Setting...
Page 281 Figure 19-10. Block Diagram of Self Programming Internal bus Flash programming command Protect byte register (FLCMD) Flash programming mode Flash protect command PRSELF4 PRSELF3 PRSELF2 PRSELF1 PRSELF0 FLCMD2 FLCMD1 FLCMD0 Self programming mode control register (FLPMC) register (PFCMD) setting sequencer Self programming mode setting register HALT signal Self programming command execution...
Page 282 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY Figure 19-11. Self Programming State Transition Diagram User program Operation setting Normal mode Specific sequence Operation setting Register for Self programming mode self programming Self programming command Self programming execution by HALT instruction command completion/error Flash memory control block (hardware) Operation reference Self programming...
Page 283: Cautions On Self Programming Function
CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY 19.8.2 Cautions on self programming function • No instructions can be executed while a self programming command is being executed. Therefore, clear and restart the watchdog timer counter in advance so that the watchdog timer does not overflow during self programming.
Page 284 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY (1) Flash programming mode control register (FLPMC) This register is used to set the operation mode when data is written to the flash memory in the self programming mode, and to read the set value of the protect byte. Data can be written to FLPMC only in a specific sequence (refer to 19.8.3 (2) Flash protect command register (PFCMD)) so that the application system does not stop by accident because of malfunctions due to noise or program hang-ups.
Page 285 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY (2) Flash protect command register (PFCMD) If the application system stops inadvertently due to malfunction caused by noise or program hang-up, an operation to write the flash programming mode control register (FLPMC) may have a serious effect on the system.
Page 286 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY Figure 19-14. Format of Flash Status Register (PFS) Address: FFA1H After reset: 00H Symbol WEPRERR VCERR FPRERR 1. Operating conditions of FPRERR flag <Setting conditions> • If PFCMD is written when the store instruction operation recently performed on a peripheral register is not to write a specific value (A5H) to FLPMC •...
Page 287 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY (4) Flash programming command register (FLCMD) This register is used to specify whether the flash memory is erased, written, or verified in the self programming mode. This register is set with a 1-bit or 8-bit memory manipulation instruction. Reset signal generation clears this register to 00H.
Page 288 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY (5) Flash address pointers H and L (FLAPH and FLAPL) These registers are used to specify the start address of the flash memory when the memory is erased, written, or verified in the self programming mode. FLAPH and FLAPL consist of counters, and they are incremented until the values match with those of FLAPHC and FLAPLC when the programming command is not executed.
Page 289 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY (7) Flash write buffer register (FLW) This register is used to store the data to be written to the flash memory. This register is set with a 1-bit or 8-bit memory manipulation instruction. Reset signal generation clears these registers to 00H. Figure 19-18.
Page 290 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY Figure 19-19. Format of Protect Byte (2/2) • μ PD78F9234 PRSELF4 PRSELF3 PRSELF2 PRSELF1 PRSELF0 Status Blocks 31 to 0 are protected. Blocks 29 to 0 are protected. Blocks 30 and 31 can be written or erased. Blocks 27 to 0 are protected.
Page 291: Example Of Shifting Normal Mode To Self Programming Mode
CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY 19.8.4 Example of shifting normal mode to self programming mode The operating mode must be shifted from normal mode to self programming mode before performing self programming. An example of shifting to self programming mode is explained below. <1>...
Page 292 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY Figure 19-20. Example of Shifting to Self Programming Mode <R> Shift to self programming mode <1> Disable interrupts (by setting MK0 to FFH and executing DI ; When interrupt function is used instruction) <2> Clear FLCMD (FLCMD = 00H) <3>...
Page 293 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY An example of the program that shifts the mode to self programming mode is shown below. ;---------------------------- ;START ;---------------------------- MK0,#11111111B ; Masks all interrupts MK1,#11111111B <R> FLCMD,#00H ; Clear FLCMD register <R> ; Configure settings so that the CPU clock ≥ 1 MHz ModeOnLoop: PFS,#00H ;...
Page 294: Example Of Shifting Self Programming Mode To Normal Mode
CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY 19.8.5 Example of shifting self programming mode to normal mode The operating mode must be returned from self programming mode to normal mode after performing self programming. An example of shifting to normal mode is explained below. <R>...
Page 295 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY Figure 19-21. Example of Shifting to Normal Mode Shift to normal mode <R> <1> Clear FLCMD (FLCMD = 00H) <2> Clear PFS PFCMD = A5H FLPMC = 00H (set value) ; Set value is invalid <3> FLPMC = 0FFH (inverted set value) ;...
Page 296 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY An example of a program that shifts the mode to normal mode is shown below. ;---------------------------- ;START ;---------------------------- <R> FLCMD,#00H ; Clear FLCMD register ModeOffLoop: PFS,#00H ; Clears flash status register PFCMD,#0A5H ; PFCMD register control FLPMC,#00H ;...
Page 297: Example Of Block Erase Operation In Self Programming Mode
CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY 19.8.6 Example of block erase operation in self programming mode An example of the block erase operation in self programming mode is explained below. <1> Set 03H (block erase) to the flash program command register (FLCMD). <2>...
Page 298 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY Figure 19-22. Example of Block Erase Operation in Self Programming Mode Block erasure <1> Set erase command (FLCMD = 03H) <2> Set no. of block to be erased to FLAPH <3> Set FLAPL to 00H <4> Set the same value as that of FLAPH to FLAPHC <5>...
Page 299 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY An example of a program that performs a block erase in self programming mode is shown below. ;---------------------------- ;START ;---------------------------- FlashBlockErase: FLCMD,#03H ; Sets flash control command (block erase) FLAPH,#07H ; Sets number of block to be erased (block 7 is specified here) FLAPL,#00H ;...
Page 300: Example Of Block Blank Check Operation In Self Programming Mode
CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY 19.8.7 Example of block blank check operation in self programming mode An example of the block blank check operation in self programming mode is explained below. <1> Set 04H (block blank check) to the flash program command register (FLCMD). <2>...
Page 301 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY Figure 19-23. Example of Block Blank Check Operation in Self Programming Mode Block blank check <1> Set block blank check command (FLCMD = 04H) <2> Set no. of block for blank check to FLAPH <3> Set FLAPL to 00H <4>...
Page 302 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY An example of a program that performs a block blank check in self programming mode is shown below. ;---------------------------- ;START ;---------------------------- FlashBlockBlankCheck: FLCMD,#04H ; Sets flash control command (block blank check) FLAPH,#07H ; Sets number of block for blank check (block 7 is specified ;...
Page 303: Example Of Byte Write Operation In Self Programming Mode
CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY 19.8.8 Example of byte write operation in self programming mode An example of the byte write operation in self programming mode is explained below. <1> Set 05H (byte write) to the flash program command register (FLCMD). <2>...
Page 304 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY Figure 19-24. Example of Byte Write Operation in Self Programming Mode Byte write <1> Set byte write command (FLCMD = 05H) <2> Set no. of block to be written, to FLAPH <3> Set address at which data is to be written, to FLAPL <4>...
Page 305 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY An example of a program that performs a byte write in self programming mode is shown below. ;---------------------------- ;START ;---------------------------- FlashWrite: FLCMD,#05H ; Sets flash control command (byte write) FLAPH,#07H ; Sets address to which data is to be written, with ;...
Page 306: Examples Of Internal Verify Operation In Self Programming Mode
CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY 19.8.9 Examples of internal verify operation in self programming mode Examples of internal verify 1 and 2 operations in self programming mode are explained below. • Internal verify 1 <R> <1> Set 01H (internal verify 1) to the flash program command register (FLCMD). <2>...
Page 307 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY Figure 19-25. Example of Internal Verify 1 Operation in Self Programming Mode <R> Internal verify 1 <1> Set internal verify 1 command (FLCMD = 01H) <2> Set block no. for internal verify, to FLAPH <3> Set 00H to FLAPL <4>...
Page 308 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY Figure 19-26. Example of Internal Verify 2 Operation in Self Programming Mode <R> Internal verify 2 <1> Set internal verify 2 command (FLCMD = 02H) <2> Set block no. for internal verify, to FLAPH <3> Sets FLAPL to the start address <4>...
Page 309 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY Example programs that perform internal verify 1 and 2 in self programming mode are shown below. • Internal verify 1 <R> ;---------------------------- ;START ;---------------------------- FlashVerify: FLCMD,#01H ; Sets flash control command (internal verify 1) FLAPH,#07H ; Sets block number for which internal verify is performed, ;...
Page 310: Examples Of Operation When Command Execution Time Should Be Minimized In Self Programming Mode
CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY 19.8.10 Examples of operation when command execution time should be minimized in self programming mode Examples of operation when the command execution time should be minimized in self programming mode are explained below. (1) Erasure to blank check <1>...
Page 311 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY An example of a program when the command execution time (from erasure to black check) should be minimized in self programming mode is shown below. ;--------------------------------------------------------------------- ;START ;--------------------------------------------------------------------- MK0,#11111111B ; Masks all interrupts MK1,#11111111B <R> FLCMD,#00H ;...
Page 312 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY FLAPHC,#07H ; Sets blank check block compare number (same value as of ; FLAPH) FLAPLC,#0FFH ; Fixes FLAPLC to “FFH” WDTE,#0ACH ; Clears & restarts WDT HALT ; Self programming is started A,PFS A,#00H $StatusError ; Checks blank check error ;...
Page 313 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY (2) Write to internal verify <1> Mode is shifted from normal mode to self programming mode (<1> to <7> in 19.8.4) <2> Specification of source data for write <3> Execution of byte write → Error check (<1> to <10> in 19.8.8) <4>...
Page 314 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY An example of a program when the command execution time (from write to internal verify) should be minimized in self programming mode is shown below. ;--------------------------------------------------------------------- ;START ;--------------------------------------------------------------------- MK0,#11111111B ; Masks all interrupts MK1,#11111111B <R> FLCMD,#00H ;...
Page 315 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY INCW ; Address at which data is to be written + 1 FlashWriteLoop FlashVerify: MOVW HL,#WriteAdr ; Sets verify address <R> FLCMD,#02H ; Sets flash control command (internal verify 2) FLAPH,A ; Sets verify start address FLAPL,A ;...
Page 316 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY ;--------------------------------------------------------------------- StatusError: ;--------------------------------------------------------------------- ;END (normal termination processing) ;--------------------------------------------------------------------- StatusNormal: ;--------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Data to be written ;--------------------------------------------------------------------- DataAdrTop: DataAdrBtm: ;--------------------------------------------------------------------- Remark Internal verify 2 is used in the above program example. Use internal verify 1 to verify a whole block. User’s Manual U17446EJ3V1UD...
Page 317: Examples Of Operation When Interrupt-Disabled Time Should Be Minimized In Self Programming Mode
CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY 19.8.11 Examples of operation when interrupt-disabled time should be minimized in self programming mode Examples of operation when the interrupt-disabled time should be minimized in self programming mode are explained below. (1) Erasure to blank check <1>...
Page 318 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY Figure 19-29. Example of Operation When Interrupt-Disabled Time Should Be Minimized (from Erasure to Blank Check) Erasure to blank check Figure 19-22 <1> Specify block erase command <1> to <5> <2> Shift to self programming Figure 19-20 mode <1>...
Page 319 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY An example of a program when the interrupt-disabled time (from erasure to blank check) should be minimized in self programming mode is shown below. ;--------------------------------------------------------------------- ;START ;--------------------------------------------------------------------- FlashBlockErase: ; Sets erase command FLCMD,#03H ; Sets flash control command (block erase) FLAPH,#07H ;...
Page 320 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY CALL !ModeOff ; Shift to normal mode StatusNormal ;--------------------------------------------------------------------- ;END (abnormal termination processing); Perform processing to shift to normal mode in order to return to normal processing ;--------------------------------------------------------------------- StatusError: ;--------------------------------------------------------------------- ;END (normal termination processing) ;--------------------------------------------------------------------- StatusNormal: ;--------------------------------------------------------------------- ;Processing to shift to self programming mode ;---------------------------------------------------------------------...
Page 321 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY ;--------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Processing to shift to normal mode ;--------------------------------------------------------------------- ModeOffLoop: <R> FLCMD,#00H ; Clears FLCMD register PFS,#00H ; Clears flash status register PFCMD,#0A5H ; PFCMD register control FLPMC,#00H ; FLPMC register control (sets value) FLPMC,#0FFH ; FLPMC register control (inverts set value) FLPMC,#00H ;...
Page 322 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY (2) Write to internal verify <1> Specification of source data for write <2> Specification of byte write command (<1> to <4> in 19.8.8) <3> Mode is shifted from normal mode to self programming mode (<1> to <7> in 19.8.4) <4>...
Page 323 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY Figure 19-30. Example of Operation When Interrupt-Disabled Time Should Be Minimized (from Write to Internal Verify) Write to internal verify <1> Set source data for write Figure 19-24 <2> Specify byte write command <1> to <4> <3>...
Page 324 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY An example of a program when the interrupt-disabled time (from write to internal verify) should be minimized in self programming mode is shown below. ;--------------------------------------------------------------------- ;START ;--------------------------------------------------------------------- ; Sets write command FlashWrite: MOVW HL,#DataAdrTop ; Sets address at which data to be written is located MOVW DE,#WriteAdr ;...
Page 325 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY ; Setting internal verify command FlashVerify: MOVW HL,#WriteAdr ; Sets verify address FLCMD,#02H ; Sets flash control command (internal verify 2) <R> FLAPH,A ; Sets verify start address FLAPL,A ; Sets verify start address FLAPHC,A ; Sets verify end address FLAPLC,A ;...
Page 326 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY ;--------------------------------------------------------------------- ;Processing to shift to self programming mode ;--------------------------------------------------------------------- ModeOn: MK0,#11111111B ; Masks all interrupts MK1,#11111111B <R> FLCMD,#00H ; Clears FLCMD register ; Configure settings so that the CPU clock ≥ 1 MHz <R> ModeOnLoop: PFS,#00H ;...
Page 327 CHAPTER 19 FLASH MEMORY ;--------------------------------------------------------------------- ;Data to be written ;--------------------------------------------------------------------- DataAdrTop: DataAdrBtm: ;--------------------------------------------------------------------- Remark Internal verify 2 is used in the above program example. Use internal verify 1 to verify a whole block. User’s Manual U17446EJ3V1UD...
Page 328: Chapter 20 Instruction Set Overview
CHAPTER 20 INSTRUCTION SET OVERVIEW This chapter lists the instruction set of the 78K0S/KB1+. For details of the operation and machine language (instruction code) of each instruction, refer to 78K/0S Series Instructions User’s Manual (U11047E). 20.1 Operation 20.1.1 Operand identifiers and description methods Operands are described in “Operand”...
Page 329: Description Of "Operation" Column
CHAPTER 20 INSTRUCTION SET OVERVIEW 20.1.2 Description of “Operation” column A register; 8-bit accumulator X register B register C register D register E register H register L register AX register pair; 16-bit accumulator BC register pair DE register pair HL register pair Program counter Stack pointer PSW:...
Page 330: Operation List
CHAPTER 20 INSTRUCTION SET OVERVIEW 20.2 Operation List Mnemonic Operand Bytes Clocks Operation Flag AC CY r ← byte r, #byte (saddr) ← byte saddr, #byte sfr ← byte sfr, #byte A ← r Note 1 A, r r ← A Note 1 r, A A ←...
Page 331 CHAPTER 20 INSTRUCTION SET OVERVIEW Mnemonic Operand Bytes Clocks Operation Flag AC CY rp ← word MOVW rp, #word AX ← (saddrp) AX, saddrp (saddrp) ← AX saddrp, AX AX ← rp Note AX, rp rp ← AX Note rp, AX AX ↔...
Page 332 CHAPTER 20 INSTRUCTION SET OVERVIEW Mnemonic Operand Bytes Clocks Operation Flag AC CY A, CY ← A − byte − CY × × × SUBC A, #byte (saddr), CY ← (saddr) − byte − CY × × × saddr, #byte A, CY ←...
Page 333 CHAPTER 20 INSTRUCTION SET OVERVIEW Mnemonic Operand Bytes Clocks Operation Flag AC CY A − byte × × × A, #byte (saddr) − byte × × × saddr, #byte A − r × × × A, r A − (saddr) ×...
Page 334 CHAPTER 20 INSTRUCTION SET OVERVIEW Mnemonic Operand Bytes Clocks Operation Flag AC CY (SP − 1) ← (PC + 3) , (SP − 2) ← (PC + 3) CALL !addr16 PC ← addr16, SP ← SP − 2 (SP − 1) ← (PC + 1) , (SP −...
Page 335: Instructions Listed By Addressing Type
CHAPTER 20 INSTRUCTION SET OVERVIEW 20.3 Instructions Listed by Addressing Type (1) 8-bit instructions MOV, XCH, ADD, ADDC, SUB, SUBC, AND, OR, XOR, CMP, INC, DEC, ROR, ROL, RORC, ROLC, PUSH, POP, DBNZ 2nd Operand #byte saddr !addr16 [DE] [HL] $addr16 None [HL + byte]...
Page 336 CHAPTER 20 INSTRUCTION SET OVERVIEW (2) 16-bit instructions MOVW, XCHW, ADDW, SUBW, CMPW, PUSH, POP, INCW, DECW Note 2nd Operand #word saddrp None 1st Operand ADDW SUBW MOVW MOVW MOVW CMPW XCHW Note MOVW MOVW INCW DECW PUSH saddrp MOVW MOVW Note Only when rp = BC, DE, or HL.
Page 337 CHAPTER 20 INSTRUCTION SET OVERVIEW (4) Call instructions/branch instructions CALL, CALLT, BR, BC, BNC, BZ, BNZ, DBNZ 2nd Operand !addr16 [addr5] $addr16 1st Operand Basic instructions CALL CALLT Compound instructions DBNZ (5) Other instructions RET, RETI, NOP, EI, DI, HALT, STOP User’s Manual U17446EJ3V1UD...
Page 338: Chapter 21 Electrical Specifications (Standard Product, (A) Grade Product)
CHAPTER 21 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (Standard product, (A) grade product) Absolute Maximum Ratings (T = 25°C) Parameter Symbol Conditions Ratings Unit −0.3 to +6.5 Supply voltage −0.3 to +0.3 −0.3 to V Note + 0.3 −0.3 to +0.3 −0.3 to V Note Input voltage P00 to P03, P30 to P34, P40 to P47, P120 to...
Page 339 CHAPTER 21 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (Standard product, (A) grade product) = −40 to +85°C Standard product, (A) grade product T = −40 to +85°C, V Note 1 X1 Oscillator Characteristics (T = 2.0 to 5.5 V = 0 V) Resonator Recommended Circuit Parameter Conditions MIN.
Page 340 CHAPTER 21 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (Standard product, (A) grade product) = −40 to +85°C Standard product, (A) grade product T = −40 to +85°C, V Note 1 High-Speed Internal Oscillator Characteristics (T = 2.0 to 5.5 V = 0 V) Resonator Parameter Conditions MIN.
Page 341 CHAPTER 21 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (Standard product, (A) grade product) = −40 to +85°C Standard product, (A) grade product T = −40 to +85°C, V Note DC Characteristics (T = 2.0 to 5.5 V = 0 V) (1/2) Parameter Symbol Conditions MIN.
Page 342 CHAPTER 21 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (Standard product, (A) grade product) = −40 to +85°C Standard product, (A) grade product T = −40 to +85°C, V Note 1 DC Characteristics (T = 2.0 to 5.5 V = 0 V) (2/2) Parameter Symbol Conditions MIN.
Page 343 CHAPTER 21 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (Standard product, (A) grade product) = −40 to +85°C Standard product, (A) grade product T AC Characteristics = −40 to +85°C, V Note 1 (1) Basic operation (T = 2.0 to 5.5 V = 0 V) Parameter Symbol Conditions...
Page 344 CHAPTER 21 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (Standard product, (A) grade product) = −40 to +85°C Standard product, (A) grade product T vs. V (Crystal/Ceramic Oscillation Clock, External Clock Input) Guaranteed operation range 0.33 Supply voltage V vs. V (High-speed internal oscillator Clock) 4.22 Guaranteed operation range...
Page 345 CHAPTER 21 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (Standard product, (A) grade product) = −40 to +85°C Standard product, (A) grade product T = −40 to +85°C, V Note (2) Serial interface (T = 2.0 to 5.5 V = 0 V) UART mode (UART6, dedicated baud rate generator output) Parameter Symbol Conditions...
Page 346 CHAPTER 21 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (Standard product, (A) grade product) = −40 to +85°C Standard product, (A) grade product T = −40 to +85°C, 2.7 V ≤ AV ≤ V ≤ 5.5 V, V A/D Converter Characteristics (T = AV = 0 V) Parameter Symbol Conditions...
Page 347 CHAPTER 21 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (Standard product, (A) grade product) = −40 to +85°C Standard product, (A) grade product T = −40 to +85°C) POC Circuit Characteristics (T Parameter Symbol Conditions MIN. TYP. MAX. Unit Detection voltage μ : 0 V → 2.1 V Power supply boot time Note 1 Response delay time 1...
Page 348 CHAPTER 21 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (Standard product, (A) grade product) = −40 to +85°C Standard product, (A) grade product T = −40 to +85°C) LVI Circuit Characteristics (T Parameter Symbol Conditions MIN. TYP. MAX. Unit Detection voltage LVI0 LVI1 LVI2 LVI3 LVI4 3.15 3.45...
Page 349 CHAPTER 21 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (Standard product, (A) grade product) = −40 to +85°C Standard product, (A) grade product T = –40 to +85°C, 2.7 V ≤ V ≤ 5.5 V, V Flash Memory Programming Characteristics (T = 0 V) Parameter Symbol Conditions MIN.
Page 350: Chapter 22 Electrical Specifications (Target Values) ((A2) Grade Product)
CHAPTER 22 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (TARGET VALUES) ((A2) grade product) Caution These specifications show target values, which may change after device evaluation. The operating voltage range may also change. Absolute Maximum Ratings (T = 25°C) Parameter Symbol Conditions Ratings Unit −0.3 to +6.5 Supply voltage −0.3 to +0.3 −0.3 to V...
Page 351 CHAPTER 22 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (TARGET VALUES) ((A2) grade product) = −40 to +125°C (A2) grade product T Note 2. This varies depending on the allowable total loss (see the figure below). −40 +120 Temperature [˚C] +125 Use the following formula to perform design such that the sum of the power consumption of the device is less than or equal to the total loss P (use at 80% or less of the rated value is recommended).
Page 352 CHAPTER 22 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (TARGET VALUES) ((A2) grade product) = −40 to +125°C (A2) grade product T = −40 to +125°C, V Note 1 X1 Oscillator Characteristics (T = 2.0 to 5.5 V = 0 V) Resonator Recommended Circuit Parameter Conditions MIN.
Page 353 CHAPTER 22 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (TARGET VALUES) ((A2) grade product) = −40 to +125°C (A2) grade product T = −40 to +125°C, V Note 1 High-Speed Internal Oscillator Characteristics (T = 2.0 to 5.5 V = 0 V) Resonator Parameter Conditions MIN.
Page 354 CHAPTER 22 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (TARGET VALUES) ((A2) grade product) = −40 to +125°C (A2) grade product T = −40 to +125°C, V Note DC Characteristics (T = 2.0 to 5.5 V = 0 V) (1/2) Parameter Symbol Conditions MIN. TYP. MAX.
Page 355 CHAPTER 22 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (TARGET VALUES) ((A2) grade product) = −40 to +125°C (A2) grade product T = −40 to +125°C, V Note 1 DC Characteristics (T = 2.0 to 5.5 V = 0 V) (2/2) Parameter Symbol Conditions MIN. TYP. MAX. Unit Note 3 Supply Crystal/ceramic...
Page 356 CHAPTER 22 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (TARGET VALUES) ((A2) grade product) = −40 to +125°C (A2) grade product T AC Characteristics = −40 to +125°C, V Note 1 (1) Basic operation (T = 2.0 to 5.5 V = 0 V) Parameter Symbol Conditions MIN.
Page 357 CHAPTER 22 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (TARGET VALUES) ((A2) grade product) = −40 to +125°C (A2) grade product T vs. V (Crystal/Ceramic Oscillation Clock, External Clock Input) Guaranteed operation range 0.33 0.25 Supply voltage V vs. V (High-speed internal oscillator Clock) 4.22 Guaranteed operation range 0.95...
Page 358 CHAPTER 22 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (TARGET VALUES) ((A2) grade product) = −40 to +125°C (A2) grade product T = −40 to +125°C, V Note (2) Serial interface (T = 2.0 to 5.5 V = 0 V) UART mode (UART6, dedicated baud rate generator output) Parameter Symbol Conditions...
Page 359 CHAPTER 22 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (TARGET VALUES) ((A2) grade product) = −40 to +125°C (A2) grade product T = −40 to +125°C, 2.7 V ≤ AV ≤ V ≤ 5.5 V, V A/D Converter Characteristics (T = AV = 0 V) Parameter Symbol Conditions...
Page 360 CHAPTER 22 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (TARGET VALUES) ((A2) grade product) = −40 to +125°C (A2) grade product T = −40 to +125°C) POC Circuit Characteristics (T Parameter Symbol Conditions MIN. TYP. MAX. Unit 2.26 Detection voltage μ : 0 V → 2.1 V Power supply boot time Note 1 Response delay time 1...
Page 361 CHAPTER 22 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (TARGET VALUES) ((A2) grade product) = −40 to +125°C (A2) grade product T = −40 to +125°C) LVI Circuit Characteristics (T Parameter Symbol Conditions MIN. TYP. MAX. Unit Detection voltage 4.65 LVI0 4.45 LVI1 4.25 LVI2 4.05 LVI3 3.85...
Page 362 CHAPTER 22 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (TARGET VALUES) ((A2) grade product) = −40 to +125°C (A2) grade product T = –40 to +105°C, 2.7 V ≤ V ≤ 5.5 V, V Flash Memory Programming Characteristics (T = 0 V) Parameter Symbol Conditions MIN.
Page 363 CHAPTER 22 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (TARGET VALUES) ((A2) grade product) = −40 to +125°C (A2) grade product T Note 3. When guaranteeing the flash self programming, use the following formula to perform design such that the sum of the power consumption of the device is less than or equal to the total loss P (use at 80% or less of the rated value is recommended).
Page 364: Chapter 23 Package Drawing
CHAPTER 23 PACKAGE DRAWING 30-PIN PLASTIC SSOP (7.62 mm (300)) detail of lead end NOTE ITEM MILLIMETERS Each lead centerline is located within 0.13 mm of 9.85±0.15 its true position (T.P.) at maximum material condition. 0.45 MAX. 0.65 (T.P.) +0.08 0.24 −0.07 0.1±0.05...
Page 365: Chapter 24 Recommended Soldering Conditions
Cautions 1. Products with -A at the end of the part number are lead-free products. 2. For soldering methods and conditions other than those recommended below, contact an NEC Electronics sales representative. Table 24-1. Surface Mounting Type Soldering Conditions (1/2) 30-pin plastic SSOP μ...
Page 366 Count: 3 times or less, Exposure limit: 7 days (after that, prebake at 125°C for 20 to 72 hours) − Wave soldering For details, contact an NEC Electronics sales representative. − Partial heating Pin temperature: 350°C max., Time: 3 seconds max. (per pin row) Notes 1. Under development 2.
Page 367: Appendix A Development Tools
APPENDIX A DEVELOPMENT TOOLS The following development tools are available for development of systems using the 78K0S/KB1+. Figure A-1 shows development tools. • Compatibility with PC98-NX series Unless stated otherwise, products which are supported by IBM PC/AT and compatibles can also be used with the PC98-NX series.
Page 368 APPENDIX A DEVELOPMENT TOOLS Figure A-1. Development Tools (1/2) (1) When using the in-circuit emulator IE-78K0S-NS or IE-78K0S-NS-A Software package • Software package Language processing software Debugging software • Assembler package • Integrated debugger • C compiler package • System simulator •...
Page 369 APPENDIX A DEVELOPMENT TOOLS Figure A-1. Development Tools (2/2) (2) When using the in-circuit emulator QB-78K0SKX1MINI Software package • Software package Language processing software Debugging software • Assembler package • Integrated debugger • C compiler package • System simulator • Device file •...
Page 370: Software Package
APPENDIX A DEVELOPMENT TOOLS A.1 Software Package SP78K0S This is a package that bundles the software tools required for development of the 78K/0S Series. Software package The following tools are included. Note 1 Note 2 RA78K0S, CC78K0S, ID78K0S-NS, SM+ for 78K0S , SM78K0S , and device files μ...
Page 371: Control Software
APPENDIX A DEVELOPMENT TOOLS Notes 1. DF789234 is a common file that can be used with RA78K0S, CC78K0S, ID78K0S-NS, ID78K0S-QB, and SM+ for 78K0S. CC78K0S-L is not included in the software package (SP78K0S). ×××× in the part number differs depending on the host machine and operating system to be used. Remark μ...
Page 372: Flash Memory Writing Tools
APPENDIX A DEVELOPMENT TOOLS A.4 Flash Memory Writing Tools Flashpro4 (FL-PR4, PG-FP4) This is a flash memory programmer dedicated to microcontrollers incorporating a flash Flash memory programmer memory. PG-FPL2 This is a flash memory programmer dedicated to microcontrollers incorporating a flash Flash memory programmer memory.
Page 373: When Using In-Circuit Emulator Qb-Mini2
APPENDIX A DEVELOPMENT TOOLS <R> A.5.2 When using in-circuit emulator QB-MINI2 QB-MINI2 This on-chip debug emulator serves to debug hardware and software when developing On-chip debug emulator with application systems using all flash microcontrollers (including the 78K0S/Kx1+). It is available programming function also as a flash memory programmer dedicated to microcontrollers incorporating a flash memory.
Page 374: Debugging Tools (Software)
APPENDIX A DEVELOPMENT TOOLS A.6 Debugging Tools (Software) ID78K0S-NS This debugger supports the in-circuit emulators for the 78K/0S Series. ID78K0S-NS is a (supporting in-circuit Windows-based software. emulator IE-78K0S-NS/ This debugger has enhanced debugging functions supporting C language. By using its window IE-78K0S-NS-A) integration function that associates the source program, disassemble display, and memory display Integrated debugger...
Page 375: Appendix B Notes On Target System Design
APPENDIX B NOTES ON TARGET SYSTEM DESIGN The following show the conditions when connecting the emulation probe to the conversion connector and conversion socket in the case using in-circuit emulator IE-78K0S-NS or IE-78K0S-NS-A. Follow the configuration below and consider the shape of parts to be mounted on the target system when designing a system. Figure B-1.
Page 376 APPENDIX B NOTES ON TARGET SYSTEM DESIGN Figure B-2. Condition for Connecting Target System (When Using In-Circuit Emulator IE-78K0S-NS, IE-78K0S-NS-A) Emulation board IE-789234-NS-EM1 Emulation probe NP-30MC NP-30MC tip board Guide pin YQ-GUIDE 13 mm Conversion connector YSPACK30BK, NSPACK30BK 5 mm 15 mm 20 mm 37 mm...
Page 377: Appendix C Register Index
APPENDIX C REGISTER INDEX C.1 Register Index (Register Name) 8-bit A/D conversion result register (ADCRH) … 168 8-bit compare register 80 (CR80) … 128 8-bit timer counter 80 (TM80) … 128 8-bit timer H compare register 01 (CMP01) … 135 8-bit timer H compare register 11 (CMP11) …...
Page 378 APPENDIX C REGISTER INDEX Flash status register (PFS) … 285 Flash write buffer register (FLW) … 289 Input switch control register (ISC) … 194 Interrupt mask flag register 0 (MK0) … 227 Interrupt mask flag register 1 (MK1) … 227 Interrupt request flag register 0 (IF0) …...
Page 379 APPENDIX C REGISTER INDEX Reset control flag register (RESF) … 252 Transmit buffer register 6 (TXB6) … 185 Transmit shift register 6 (TXS6) … 185 Watchdog timer enable register (WDTE) … 152 Watchdog timer mode register (WDTM) … 151 User’s Manual U17446EJ3V1UD...
Page 380: Register Index (Symbol)
APPENDIX C REGISTER INDEX C.2 Register Index (Symbol) ADCR: 10-bit A/D conversion result register … 167 ADCRH: 8-bit A/D conversion result register … 168 ADM: A/D converter mode register … 165 ADS: Analog input channel specification register … 167 ASICL6: Asynchronous serial interface control register 6 …...
Page 381 APPENDIX C REGISTER INDEX MK0: Interrupt mask flag register 0 … 227 MK1: Interrupt mask flag register 1 … 227 MRA0: Multiplication data register A … 217 MRB0: Multiplication data register B … 217 MUL0H: 16-bit multiplication result storage register H … 217 MUL0L: 16-bit multiplication result storage register L …...
Page 382 APPENDIX C REGISTER INDEX TXB6: Transmit buffer register 6 … 185 TXS6: Transmit shift register 6 … 185 WDTE: Watchdog timer enable register … 152 WDTM: Watchdog timer mode register … 151 User’s Manual U17446EJ3V1UD...
Page 383: Appendix D List Of Cautions
APPENDIX D LIST OF CAUTIONS This appendix lists cautions described in this document. “Classification (hard/soft)” in table is as follows. Hard: Cautions for microcontroller internal/external hardware Soft: Cautions for software such as register settings or programs (1/19) Function Details of Cautions Page Function...
Page 384 APPENDIX D LIST OF CAUTIONS (2/19) Function Details of Cautions Page Function Main clock OSTS: Oscillation To set and then release the STOP mode, set the oscillation stabilization time p.74 stabilization time as follows. Expected oscillation stabilization time of resonator ≤ Oscillation stabilization select register time set by OSTS The wait time after the STOP mode is released does not include the time from...
Page 385 APPENDIX D LIST OF CAUTIONS (3/19) Function Details of Cautions Page Function 16-bit CR000: 16-bit If the register read period and the input of the capture trigger conflict when timer/event timer capture/ CR000 is used as a capture register, the capture trigger input takes 88, 122 counter 00 compare register...
Page 386 APPENDIX D LIST OF CAUTIONS (4/19) Function Details of Cautions Page Function 16-bit The capture operation is performed at the fall of the count clock. An interrupt TMC00: 16-bit timer/event request input (INTTM0n0), however, occurs at the rise of the next count clock. timer mode control 91, 122 counter 00...
Page 387 APPENDIX D LIST OF CAUTIONS (5/19) Function Details of Cautions Page Function 16-bit PRM00: The sampling clock used to eliminate noise differs when a TI000 valid edge is timer/event Prescaler mode used as the count clock and when it is used as a capture trigger. In the former 95, 124 counter 00 register 00...
Page 388 APPENDIX D LIST OF CAUTIONS (6/19) Function Details of Cautions Page Function 16-bit One-shot pulse Do not input the external trigger again while the one-shot pulse is being timer/event output with output. To output the one-shot pulse again, wait until the current one-shot 116, 121 counter 00 external trigger...
Page 389 APPENDIX D LIST OF CAUTIONS (7/19) Function Details of Cautions Page Function 8-bit timer Interval timer When changing the value of CR80, be sure to stop the timer operation. If the p.130 value of CR80 is changed with the timer operation enabled, a match interrupt request signal may be generated immediately.
Page 390 APPENDIX D LIST OF CAUTIONS (8/19) Function Details of Cautions Page Function Watchdog WDTM: WDTM cannot be set by a 1-bit memory manipulation instruction. p.152 timer Watchdog timer When using the flash memory self programming by self writing, set the p.152 mode register overflow time for the watchdog timer so that enough overflow time is secured...
Page 391 APPENDIX D LIST OF CAUTIONS (9/19) Function Details of Cautions Page Function PMC2: Port When PMC20 to PMC23 are set to 1, the P20/ANI0 to P23/ANI3 pins cannot p.168 converter mode control be used as port pins. Be sure to set the pull-up resistor option registers (PU20 register 2 to PU23) to 0 for the pins set to A/D converter mode.
Page 392 APPENDIX D LIST OF CAUTIONS (10/19) Function Details of Cautions Page Function Input impedance In this A/D converter, the internal sampling capacitor is charged and sampling p.177 converter of ANI0 to ANI3 is performed during sampling time. pins Since only the leakage current flows other than during sampling and the current for charging the capacitor also flows during sampling, the input impedance fluctuates both during sampling and otherwise.
Page 393 APPENDIX D LIST OF CAUTIONS (11/19) Function Details of Cautions Page Function RXB6: Receive Reception enable status is entered, after having set RXE6 to 1 and one clock p.185 Serial buffer register 6 of the base clock (f ) has elapsed. interface XCLK6 UART6...
Page 394 APPENDIX D LIST OF CAUTIONS (12/19) Function Details of Cautions Page Function Serial ASIF6: To transmit data continuously, write the first transmit data (first byte) to the p.189 interface Asynchronous TXB6 register. Be sure to check that the TXBF6 flag is “0”. If so, write the UART6 serial interface next transmit data (second byte) to the TXB6 register.
Page 395 APPENDIX D LIST OF CAUTIONS (13/19) Function Details of Cautions Page Function Serial UART mode Take the relationship with the other party of communication into consideration p.196 interface when setting the port mode register and port register. In order to avoid the UART6 generation of unintended start bits (falling signals), set PM43 to 0 (output) after having set P43 to 1.
Page 396 APPENDIX D LIST OF CAUTIONS (14/19) Function Details of Cautions Page Function Interrupt Vector table No interrupt sources correspond to the vector table address 0014H. p.223 function address IF0, IF1: Interrupt Because P30, P31, P41, and P43 have an alternate function as external request flag interrupt inputs, when the output level is changed by specifying the output 226, 227...
Page 397 APPENDIX D LIST OF CAUTIONS (15/19) Function Details of Cautions Page Function Standby Settings and Because an interrupt request signal is used to clear the standby mode, if there p.238 function operating is an interrupt source with the interrupt request flag set and the interrupt mask statuses in HALT flag reset, the standby mode is immediately cleared if set.
Page 398 APPENDIX D LIST OF CAUTIONS (16/19) Function Details of Cautions Page Function Low- Cautions for low- In a system where the supply voltage (V ) fluctuates for a certain period in p.263 voltage voltage detector the vicinity of the LVI detection voltage (V ), the operation is as follows detector depending on how the low-voltage detector is used.
Page 399 APPENDIX D LIST OF CAUTIONS (17/19) Function Details of Cautions Page Function Flash PG-FP4 GUI The above values are recommended values. Depending on the usage p.276 memory Software setting environment these values may change, so set them after having performed value example sufficient evaluations.
Page 400 APPENDIX D LIST OF CAUTIONS (18/19) Function Details of Cautions Page Function Flash FLPMC: Flash Cautions in the case of setting the self programming mode, refer to 19.8.2 p.284 memory programming Cautions on self programming function. mode control Set the CPU clock beforehand so that it is 1 MHz or higher during self p.284 register programming.
Page 401 Lead-free p.365 mended products soldering − For soldering methods and conditions other than those recommended below, p.365 conditions contact an NEC Electronics sales representative. Do not use different soldering methods together (except for partial heating). 365, 366 User’s Manual U17446EJ3V1UD...
Page 402: Appendix E Revision History
APPENDIX E REVISION HISTORY E.1 Major Revisions in This Edition (1/2) Page Description Throughout Deletion of description on (T) product, (S) product, (R) product, (T2) product p. 17 Modification of 1.4 78K0S/Kx1+ Product Lineup p. 33 Addition of Caution 2 to 3.2.1 (3) Stack pointer (SP) p.
Page 403 APPENDIX E REVISION HISTORY (2/2) Page Description pp. 291 to 296 Addition of description to 19.8.4 Example of shifting normal mode to self programming mode and 19.8.5 Example of shifting self programming mode to normal mode pp. 306 to 309 Addition of description of internal verify 1 and 2 to 19.8.9 Examples of internal verify operation in self programming mode pp.
Page 404: Revision History Up To Previous Editions
APPENDIX E REVISION HISTORY E.2 Revision History up to Previous Editions The following table shows the revision history up to this edition. The “Applied to:” column indicates the chapters of each edition in which the revision was applied. (1/2) Edition Description Applied to: 2nd edition...
Page 405 APPENDIX E REVISION HISTORY (2/2) Edition Description Applied to: 2nd edition Modification of 13.4.2 Multiple interrupt servicing CHAPTER 13 INTERRUPT FUNCTIONS Addition of Caution to Example 1 in Figure 13-10 Example of Multiple Interrupts (1/2) Addition of Example 3 to Figure 13-10 Example of Multiple Interrupts (2/2) Modification of reset signal in Figure 14-3 HALT Mode Release by Reset Signal CHAPTER 14 STANDBY Generation...
Page 406 Kawasaki, Kanagawa 211-8668, Japan Tel: 044-435-5111 http://www.necel.com/ [Asia & Oceania] [America] [Europe] NEC Electronics (China) Co., Ltd NEC Electronics America, Inc. NEC Electronics (Europe) GmbH 7th Floor, Quantum Plaza, No. 27 ZhiChunLu Haidian 2880 Scott Blvd. Arcadiastrasse 10 District, Beijing 100083, P.R.China Santa Clara, CA 95050-2554, U.S.A.

NEC 78K0S/KB1+ User Manual

Chapter 1 Overview

Chapter 2 Pin Functions

Chapter 3 Cpu Architecture

Chapter 4 Port Functions

Chapter 5 Clock Generators

Chapter 6 16-Bit Timer/Event Counter 00

Chapter 7 8-Bit Timer 80

Chapter 8 8-Bit Timer H1

Chapter 9 Watchdog Timer

Chapter 10 A/D Converter

Chapter 11 Serial Interface Uart6

Chapter 12 Multiplier

Chapter 13 Interrupt Functions

Chapter 14 Standby Function

Chapter 15 Reset Function

Chapter 16 Power-On-Clear Circuit

Chapter 17 Low-Voltage Detector

Chapter 18 Option Byte

Chapter 19 Flash Memory

Chapter 20 Instruction Set Overview

CHAPTER 21 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (Standard Product, (A) Grade Product)

CHAPTER 22 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS (TARGET VALUES) ((A2) Grade Product)

Chapter 23 Package Drawing

Chapter 24 Recommended Soldering Conditions

Appendix A Development Tools

Appendix B Notes on Target System Design

Appendix C Register Index

Appendix D List of Cautions

Appendix E Revision History

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Summary of Contents for NEC 78K0S/KB1+